Vegatables cure

葱Onion
为百合科草本植物葱的鳞茎和叶。我国各地均有栽培，春夏冬季均有采收，去掉根部，洗净用。或将茎、叶分开用。
[性味]味辛，性温。
[功用主治]祛风发汗、通阳散寒、解毒消肿。用于感冒风寒、头痛鼻塞、无汗、面目浮肿、腹痛腹泻、疮痈肿痛、妊娠胎动、产后血晕。
[临床应用]
1、治感冒头痛发热：连根葱白15根和大米50克煮粥，入醋10毫升，热食取汗，每日3次。
2、治咳嗽：葱白连须5根，生梨1个，白糖30克。水煎后，吃葱、梨，喝汤，每日3次。
3、治伤风鼻塞、妊娠胎动、产后血晕：大葱连根须20根，糯米100克，煮粥食用，每日2次。
4、治神经衰弱、病后体虚：连根葱白6根，红枣20枚，洗净，加水同煮。吃枣喝汤，每日2次。
5、治血虚、水肿：葱50克，猪脚4只。猪脚洗净切开，与葱段一起加入食盐少量、水适量，用武火烧沸后，改文火炖至熟烂即可，分次吃猪脚喝汤，每日2次。
6、治小儿吐乳或初生婴儿不吸乳：葱白两根加乳汁1杯，放饭锅上蒸熟灌服。每日2次。
7、治风寒感冒兼有呕恶、腹痛、泄泻：大葱连根须30克，豆豉15克，豆豉加水先煎煮10分钟后，再加洗净的葱根须，继续煎5分钟，最后加米酒50毫升，煮沸即可，趁热服食。每日2次。
8、治风寒感冒：葱白30克，鸡肉(连骨)500克，芫荽10克，红枣6个，生姜15克，粳米100克。先将葱、芫荽洗净、切碎；红枣(去核)，粳米洗净；生姜去皮，拍扁，切碎；鸡肉洗净，切块。将鸡肉、粳米、生姜、红枣放入锅内，加清水适量，武火煮沸后，文火煲1小时，粥成放入葱白、芫荽，调味服用。
[用法用量]煎汤、绞汁、煮粥或作调味品，每次10-50克。
[宜忌]表虚多汗者忌服。煎煮不宜过久。
[成分与药用] 本品鳞茎含挥发油，油中主要成分为蒜素。又含二烯丙基硫醚及维生素(B、C)、烟酸、脂肪油、钙、磷、铁、多糖、半纤维素。有杀菌、发汗、增加消化液分泌、提高食欲的功效。


大蒜 Garlic
为百合科草本植物大蒜的鳞茎。我国各地均有栽培。春末、夏初采收，剥去膜质鳞备用。
[性味]味辛、甘，性温。
[功用主治]温中健脾、行滞消食、解毒、杀虫。用于脘腹冷痛、宿食不消、水肿胀满、泄泻痢疾、百日咳、钩虫病、蛔虫病等。
[临床应用]
1、治脘腹冷痛：大蒜头1000克，醋1000毫升，浸泡于瓶中2至3年，痛时每次2-3枚，连服7天。
2、治急性肠炎：大蒜头数瓣捣烂如泥，加米醋1杯，徐徐服用，每日2次。
3、治肾虚阳痿、腰膝冷痛：去皮大蒜50克，羊肉200克切块，加水用文火炖熟，加食盐调味食用。
4、治急慢性痢疾、肺结核、中老年人高血压，动脉硬化症：去皮大蒜头30克，粳米100克，加水煮成稀粥。猪油、食盐调味。
5、治水肿：大蒜头60克，西瓜1个(2000克)。先将西瓜挖成一个三角形洞，大蒜头去皮纳入瓜内，再将瓜皮盖好，洞口向上，隔水蒸熟，吃蒜食瓜。1次吃完为佳，也可1日内分次吃完。一般连服5-7天收效。又可用大蒜头(去皮)60克，乌鱼(去肠脏洗净)200-250克，加清水适量，隔水炖服(不要加盐)。每日或隔日1次，连服数次。
6、治初期颈淋巴结核：去皮大蒜头90克，鸭蛋2粒，加水适量同煮，鸭蛋熟后去壳再煮片刻，饮汤吃蛋，每日2-3次。
7、治哮喘：紫皮大蒜60克，捣烂如泥后放入90克红糖，加适量水熬成膏，每日早晚各服1汤匙。
8、治百日咳：大蒜头30克，去皮，捣烂如泥，加白糖200克和开水500毫升，搅拌澄清。取澄清液服，每日3次，每次2匙；3-6岁，每次1匙；3岁以下，每次半匙。
9、治感冒：大蒜头15克，生姜15克，切成片，加水1碗，煮至半碗时放入适量红糖，睡前1次服用。
10、治支气管炎：大蒜200克，醋200毫升，红糖80克。大蒜头去皮捣碎，泡入糖醋中1周可用，每日服3次，每次1汤匙。
[用法用量]煨熟、煮粥、绞汁用，每次15—50克。
[宜忌]阴虚火旺者，以及目、口、齿、喉、舌诸疾和时行病后均忌食。
[成分与药用] 本品含挥发油，油中主要成分为大蒜辣素、大蒜素。又含大蒜甙、蛋白质、脂肪、糖类、及钙、磷、铁多种维生素。具有抗细菌、抗真菌、抗原虫作用，还有抗癌、增强免疫功能、促进食欲、减轻射线危害、降低血压。能有效地防治冠心病、高血压、动脉硬化及糖尿病。


草莓 Strawberry
为蔷薇科的草本食用植物草莓的成熟果实，广西、广东、福建、台湾等省均有栽培。夏季采摘，生用。
[性味]味甘、酸，性凉。
[功用主治]清热润肠、止咳利咽。用于风热咳嗽、口舌糜烂、咽喉肿痛、高血压和便秘。
[临床应用]
1、治风热咳嗽：草莓30克，雪梨1个，绞汁服，每日3次。
2、治白血病燥热便秘：草莓80克绞汁，蜂蜜50毫升，柠檬汁90毫升，上料混合加凉开水100毫升饮服，每日1-2次。
3、治高血压：草莓50克，生食。每日3次。
4、治口舌糜烂、咽喉肿痛：草莓30克，西瓜500克绞汁服。每日3次。
[用法用量]生食，或绞汁服。每次30-50克。
[宜忌]脾胃虚寒、肺寒咳嗽者，不宜多食。
[成分与药用] 本品含氨基酸、葡萄糖、柠檬酸、苹果酸、胡萝卜素、多种维生素、烟酸及矿物质钙、磷、铁、镁元素等。具有阻断致癌物质亚硝胺的生成，破坏癌细胞增殖时产生的某种酶活性，加速致癌物多环芳烃的排泄的功用。能够防治癌症、坏血病、动脉硬化、冠心病等。


橙子 Orange
为芸香科乔木植物香橙的成熟果实。我国华东、华南、西南和湖北、湖南等地均有栽培。秋、冬季采收，去皮，取瓤囊用。
[性味)味甘、酸，性微凉。
[功用主治]生津止渴、开胃宽胸、止呕。用于食欲不振、胸腹胀满作痛、消瘿、解酒、解鱼蟹毒。
[临床应用]
1、治心烦口渴或饮酒过度；可生食或绞汁饮。
2、治大小便不通及痔疮出血：熟橙1个，分2次食之。1日4次。
3、治胃气不和、呕逆少食：本品切细，加盐、蜂蜜煎服。亦可将橙子连皮加糖制成橙饼泡服。
[用法用量]生食，绞汁饮，水煎汤服。每次1-2个。
[宜忌)脾胃虚寒、腹泻腹痛者，不宜服。
[成分与药用] 本品含橙皮甙、柠檬酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸、果糖、果胶和大量维生素(C、P)等营养物，具有增加毛细血管的弹性、降低血中胆固醇、有防治高血压、动脉硬化的作用。该品含大量维生素C，具抗氧化与阻断致癌物二甲亚硝胺的生成作用，故可防癌治癌。


白菜
为十字花科草本植物白菜和青菜的幼株，全国各地广为栽培。一般在冬、春季采收。去根，洗净用。
[性味)味甘，性微寒。
[功用主治)清热除烦、解渴利尿、通利肠胃、清肺热。用于感冒、百日咳、消化性溃疡出血、燥热咳嗽、咽炎声嘶、解木薯中毒等。
[临床应用]
1、治感冒：大白菜根3条洗净切片，红糖30克，生姜3片，水煎服。每日2次。
2、治百日咳：大白菜根3条，冰糖30克，加水煎服，每日3次。
3、治消化性溃疡出血：小白菜250克，洗净，切细，用少量食盐拌腌10分钟，用洁净纱布绞取液汁，加入适量的糖食用。1日内分作3次，空腹服下。
4、治秋冬肺燥咳嗽：白菜干100克，豆腐皮50克，红枣6枚，加水适量炖汤，用油盐调味佐膳，每日2次。
5、治便秘、烦渴：白菜用开水煮汤食。
6、治咽炎声嘶、病后食少：干冬白菜50克，大米50克，加适量水煮粥，粥熟时，用花生油少量调味服食，每日2--3次。
7、治木薯中毒：鲜白菜、生萝卜各1200克，用凉开水洗净，切碎捣烂绞汁，加红糖适量，分数次服。
8、治燥热干咳痰少，秋季口、鼻、唇干燥者：白菜1000克，牛百叶300克，猪瘦肉100克。白菜洗净，梗、叶切开；猪瘦肉洗净，切片，加调味料稍腌；牛百叶放入开水中浸2-3分钟，取起刮去黑衣，洗净，切梳形，干水。把白菜梗、蜜枣放入开水锅内，武火煮沸后，文火煲1小时，放人白菜叶再煲10分钟，放人猪瘦肉片及牛百叶再煲沸，调味，取适量食用。
[用法用量]煮熟、煎汤、绞汁服均可。每次常用量白菜干50-100克，鲜白菜100-500克。
[宜忌]肺气虚寒所致咳嗽痰白而多，脾气虚寒所致腹泻腹痛者，不宜服。
[成分与药用] 本品含有蛋白质、脂肪、多种维生素及碳水化合物和钙、磷、铁等矿物质。白菜中还有大量的粗纤维，可以促进肠壁蠕动，帮助消化、防止大便干燥，保持大便通畅，能预防肠癌、矽肺、乳腺癌的发生。


鲍鱼
为鲍科动物九孔鲍或盘大鲍等。主产广东、福建、辽宁、山东等地。夏秋季捕捉，捕得后，将肉剥下供食用。去壳，洗净，除去杂质，晒干备作药用。
[性味]味咸，性平。
[功用主治)平肝潜阳、熄风镇静、解热明目、通淋、止血。用于头晕目眩、骨蒸劳热、青盲内障、淋病、吐血、失眠等。
[临床应用]
1．治糖尿病：干鲍鱼(泡软洗净)50克，鲜萝卜500克(切片)，同煮汤食用。每日1--2次。
2．治肺结核、潮热盗汗：鲍鱼适量，作菜煮食。每日1--2次。
3．治头目眩晕：干鲍鱼50克，石决明45克，菊花12克，枸杞子20克，双钩藤10克，当归15克，白芍20克，水煎服，每日2次。
4．治目生翳障：干鲍鱼50克，石决明30克，菊花10克，桑叶 10克，杞子15克，谷精草10克，蛇退6克，水煎服，每日1剂。
5．治子宫癌早期白带多者：生鲍鱼500克，洋参15克，猪瘦肉 150克，食盐等调味料适量，姜2片，陈皮3克。将生鲍鱼外壳擦洗干净，砸碎，连壳带肉放入汤煲内，加姜、陈皮及3碗半清水，猛火烧滚后改用文火。加入猪肉，直煲至仅剩碗半水时，加人洋参，再煲至剩大半碗汤水，调味佐膳食用。
6．治胃癌热呕者：鲜鲍鱼3粒，猪瘦肉250克。将猪肉切条块状，鲍鱼洗净，放人锅中，加人清水1000毫升，文火煮至200毫升左右，加盐调味，饮汤吃肉。
[用法用量]水煎内服。肉每次适量，煮熟食用；鲍鱼壳每次 15--50克。
[宜忌]畏璇覆花。
[成分与药用] 本品肉含蛋白质，又其浸液含有抗病毒的物质。壳含碳酸钙、镁、磷、铁有机质，能滋补肝肾。用于肝阳上亢之高血压、贫血等疾病。


菠菜 Spinach
为藜科草本植物菠菜的全草。我国各地均有栽培。冬、春季采收，去须根，洗净鲜用。
[性味]味甘，性凉。
[功用主治]养血、止血、敛阴、润燥，用于衄血、便血、坏血病、慢性便秘、高血压、舌疹等。
[临床应用]
1、治痔疮便血、高血压、老年人或体弱者大便秘结：鲜菠菜120克，粳米100克，加适量水煮粥服用。
2、治夜盲症：菠菜500克，羊肝200克，谷精草30克，加水炖煮，吃肝饮汤，每日1次。
3、治便秘：鲜菠菜500克洗净切断，猪血250克切成块状，加清水适量煮汤，调味后佐膳服用，每日或隔日1次，连服2—3次。
4、治糖尿病：鲜菠菜根150克洗净切碎，鸡内金10克，加水适量，煎煮30分钟，加入淘净的大米适量煮烂成粥，调味，1日内分数次食用。
5、治跌打损伤：菠菜洗净挤汁，每次100毫升，米酒送服，每日2-3次。
6、治口干咽燥、血液胆固醇增高：菠菜根适量，煎汤常服。
7、治高血压、肠胃积热、胸膈烦闷、目眩：鲜菠菜250克煮汤淡食，每日2次。
[用法用量]凉拌，炒，煎汤等。每次100-250克。
[宜忌]脾虚腹泻者不宜服。不宜与含钙丰富食物共煮。
[成分与药用] 本品含胡萝卜素、维生素C、蛋白质、糖类、钙、磷、叶酸、草酸等。能帮助消化，止渴润肠，并能促进胰腺分泌，常食菠菜，可以帮助人体维护正常视力和上皮细胞的健康，防止夜盲，增强抵抗传染病的能力及促进儿童生长发育等；对预防口角溃疡、唇炎、舌炎、皮炎、阴囊炎也有效果。


菠萝 Pineapple
为凤梨科草本植物菠萝的成熟果实。我国广东、广西、福建等地均有栽培。夏季采收，除去外皮用。
[性味]味甘、微酸，性微寒。
[功用主治]清热解暑、生津止渴、利小便。用于伤暑、身热烦渴、腹中痞闷、消化不良、消渴、小便不利、头昏目花等。
[临床应用]
1、治中暑发热烦渴：菠萝1个，去外皮，绞汁，凉开水冲服。每日2次。
2、治肾炎：菠萝肉60克，鲜茅根30克，水煎服，每日2次。
3、治支气管炎：菠萝肉120克，蜂蜜30克，水煎服，每日2次。
4、治消化不良：菠萝1个挤汁，每次服40毫升，每日2次。
5、治痢疾：鲜菠萝削去外皮，生吃每次100克，每日2次。
[用法用量]生食，或绞汁服。每次60-120克。
[宜忌]有吃菠萝过敏史的人忌食。吃菠萝时，先把果皮削去，挖尽果丁，然后切开在盐水中浸洗，可使菠萝味更甜，又能使有机酸分解在盐水里，避免中毒。
[成分与药用] 本品含丰富糖类、脂肪、蛋白质、维生素C、有机酸、苹果酸及柠檬酸等。


冬瓜 White gound (winter melon)
为葫芦科植物冬瓜的果实。我国各地均有栽培。夏末、秋初果实成熟时采摘。去皮，洗净，食用时去瓤。
[性味]味甘淡，性微寒。
[功用主治]清热解毒、利水消痰、除烦止渴、祛湿解暑。用于心胸烦热、小便不利、肺痈咳喘、肝硬化腹水、高血压等。
[临床应用]
1、治慢性肾炎：冬瓜1000克，鲤鱼1条(约重300克)，不加盐，煮汤食。
2、治夏季感受暑湿、脾气不运、四肢倦怠、胸闷不舒：冬瓜1000克，鸭肉500克，芡实30克，苡仁30克。先煮芡实、苡仁，后下鸭肉，最后下冬瓜煮至熟。每食适量。
3、治暑天感冒、风水之症：鲜冬瓜150克，粳米100克。将冬瓜去皮瓤切碎，加入花生油炒，再加适量姜丝、豆豉略炒，和粳米同煮粥食用。每日2次。
4、治肺痈：打碎冬瓜籽50克，鲜芦根50克，水煎，早晚各服1次，连续服用。
5、治肝硬化腹水：冬瓜1000克打碎煮烂，纱布过滤去渣取汁，每次60毫升，每日3次饮服，可减轻症状。
6、治水肿：冬瓜皮100克，玉米须30克，白茅根30克，水煎，每日3次服用。或冬瓜1000克，赤小豆100克，水炖烂饮服，每日2次。
7、治高血压、肝阳上亢、头痛眼花：冬瓜500克，鲩鱼头250克，先用油煎鱼头至金黄色，放入冬瓜，加清水适量，文火炖4小时，加食盐调味食用佐膳。每日2次。
8、治肺热咳嗽、痰黄稠：鲜冬瓜500克，鲜荷叶l张。加适量水炖汤，吃盐调味后饮汤吃冬瓜，每日2次。
[用法用量]水煎或绞汁饮服，每次100-500克。
[宜忌]脾胃虚寒、肾虚者不宜多服。
[成分与药用] 本品含蛋白、糖类、胡萝卜素、多种维生素、粗纤维和钙、磷、铁，且钾盐含量高，钠盐含量低，对于需要低钠食物的高血压、肾脏病、浮肿病等患者，尤为适合。


番茄 Tomato
为茄科植物番茄的果实，全国大部分地区有栽培。
[性味]味甘、酸，性凉。
[功用主治)清热生津、养阴凉血、健胃消食。用于高血压、眼底出血、牙龈出血、口舌生疮、食欲不振。
[临床应用]
1、治高血压、慢性肝炎：鲜番茄250克，洗净切块；牛肉100克切成薄片，少许油、盐、糖调味同煮佐膳。每日1次。
2、治体弱血虚、营养不良、眩晕：番茄100克，猪肝100克，粳米100克，生姜3片。先将猪肝洗净切片，用盐、酱油、生粉、米酒搅匀；番茄洗净，切开；生姜洗净，去皮，切丝；粳米洗净放入锅内，加适量清水，文火煲20分钟，放入番茄，生姜，煮10分钟，再放入猪肝，煮沸几分钟至猪肝刚熟，调味佐膳。
3、治热病伤津、咽干、暑热烦渴：番茄250克，草鱼肉200克，豆腐适量，发菜1撮，葱1根。先将草鱼肉洗净，干水后剁烂，调味加入发菜，葱花搅匀，做成鱼丸。把豆腐放入锅内，加适量清水，武火煮沸后，放入番茄，再煮沸后，放入鱼丸煮熟，调味佐膳。
4、治胃溃疡病：番茄汁150毫升，土豆汁150毫升，混合服下，早晚各1次。
5、治牙龈出血：番茄代水果吃，每日吃4个(约250克)，连服2周以上见效。
6、防治高温中暑：番茄200克洗净切片，煎汤代茶，冷热均可。
7、治高血压、眼底出血：每日早晨空腹生吃鲜番茄2个，半个月为1疗程。
[用法用量]生食，绞汁，煎煮。每次100-250克。
[宜忌]脾胃虚寒者不宜多服。
[成分与药用] 本品含有丰富的维生素、矿物质、碳水化合物、有机酸及少量的蛋白质。有促进消化、利尿、抑制多种细菌作用。番茄中维生素D可保护血管，治高血压。番茄中有谷胱甘肽，有推迟细胞衰老，增加人体抗癌能力。番茄中胡萝卜素可保护皮肤弹性，促进骨骼钙化，防治小儿佝偻病、夜盲症和眼干燥症。


番石榴 Gauva
为桃金娘科植物番石榴的成熟果实。我国广东、广西、四川、福建等地均有分布。夏、秋季采摘成熟果实鲜用或晒干备用。
[性味]味甘、涩、酸，性温，无毒。
[功用主治]收敛止泻、止血、消炎止痒、燥湿。用于泄泻久痢、湿疹、创伤出血。
[临床应用]
1、治泄泻、痢疾：番石榴果2个，生食，1日2次。
2、糖尿病的辅助治疗：番石榴鲜果250克榨汁，分2次于饭前服，也可吃鲜果。无鲜果时可用番石榴干叶，每日15-30克，水煎服，每日2-3次。
3、治胃痛、胃酸过多：番石榴果30克，焙干研细末，每次10克，1日3次。
4、治糖尿病：番石榴干果50克，苦瓜1条，水煎服。每日l-2次。
[用法用量]生食，水煎服，或绞汁服。每次30-50克。
[宜忌]大便秘结者不宜服。
[成分与药用] 本品含有维生素C、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、谷氨酸等。树皮、根、叶、果含有鞣质。实验证明，叶的醇浸出物和水煎剂对金黄色葡萄球菌有抗菌作用。


甘蓝(卷心菜、包心菜) Cabbage
为十字花科草本植物甘蓝的茎叶，我国各地均有栽培。冬、 季采收，去根，洗净用。
[性味]味甘，性平。
[功用主治]益脾和胃、缓急止痛。用于上腹胀气疼痛，嗜睡，脘腹拘急疼痛。
[临床应用]
1、治上腹胀气疼痛：甘蓝和适量盐煮，每天500克，分2次服食。
2、治嗜睡：甘蓝200克，水煎煮食，每日2次。
3、治脾胃不和，脘腹拘急疼痛：甘蓝500克，绞汁，加饴糖或蜂蜜烊化服，每日2次。
[用法用量]绞汁或作凉菜食，每次100-500克。
[成分与药用] 本品含葡萄芸苔素、酚类，含硫的抗甲状腺物质，较多的维生素U等。新鲜的甘蓝汁对胃、十二脂肠溃疡有止痛及促进愈合作用。含吲哚类物质，是高效致癌物抑制剂。且含有能分解亚硝酸，胺的酶，故有一定的抗癌作用。还可防治酒精中毒。


甘蔗 sugar cane
为禾本科植物的茎杆。广植于温带及热带地区，我国南方各省均有栽培。秋季采收。
[性味]味甘，性寒。
[功用主治]清热、生津、下气、润燥。用于热病津伤、心烦口渴、反胃呕吐、肺燥咳嗽、大便燥结、并解酒毒。
[临床应用]
1、治慢性支气管炎久咳、肺结核：新鲜甘蔗绞汁半碗，淮山60克捣烂成粉，混合一起同蒸熟食用。每日2次。
2、治高血压、尿血衄血：甘蔗500克(切片)，白茅根150克，水煎代茶饮。
3、治妊娠恶阻：甘蔗汁1杯，加生姜汁少许，频频缓饮。
4、治肺燥咳嗽、咽干痰稠：甘蔗汁50毫升，梨汁50毫升，两汁混匀服，每日2次。
5、治发热口渴：甘蔗250克去皮食之，咽汁吐渣，每日2-3次。
6、治烦热口渴、反胃呕吐、虚热咳嗽：甘蔗榨汁约100-150毫升，大米100克。先煮粥，煮至半熟时，倒入甘蔗汁同煮熟食用。
7．治疗胃贲门癌：甘蔗汁1000毫升，生姜汁120毫升，互相混匀，分3次服。有配合治疗作用。
8、预防治疗食管癌：甘蔗汁、生藕汁、生姜汁、梨汁、萝卜汁、竹沥各1杯，蒸热后随意饮服。
[用法用量]生食(嚼汁咽)，绞汁，煮粥。每次100-250毫升 (甘蔗汁)。
[宜忌]脾胃虚寒者慎服。
[成分与药用] 本品含糖类，由蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖三种成分构成，己酸、柠檬酸、己醇酸、甘氨酸、琥珀酸及10多种氨基酸等。甘蔗多糖具有免疫性的抗癌、抗病毒作用，还有抗高血脂作用


柑子
为芸香科木本植物茶枝柑，瓯柑等多种柑类的成熟果实。我国广东、广西、海南、福建、台湾等地均有栽培。冬季采收，去皮，取瓤囊用。
[性味]味甘、酸，性凉。
[功用主治]生津止渴、通利小便、醒酒。用于口干烦热、小便不畅、饮酒过多之醒酒。
[临床应用]
1、治胃火亢盛、心烦口渴或饮酒过度：可直接食1-2个柑子。或柑子剥皮绞汁和蜂蜜一起服，每日2次。
2、治下焦结热、小便不利；柑子2个，剥皮后直接食。或绞汁同鲜芦根50克煎水兑服，每日2次。
[用法用量]生食，绞汁或煎水服。每次1-2个。
[宜忌]脾胃虚寒、肺寒咳嗽者，不宜服。
[成分与药用] 本品含有糖类和维生素C、烟酸、柠檬酸、钙、磷、铁等。有除烦、醒酒、利尿之功效。

Red piranha

食人鱼
"水中恶魔"食人鱼
学名：Pygocentrus nattereri (Serrasalmus nattereri)
英名：Red piranha
分布：安地斯山脉以东、南美洲的中南部河流；巴西、圭亚那的沿岸河流。在阿根廷、玻利维亚、巴西、哥伦比亚、盖亚那、巴拉圭、乌拉圭、秘鲁及委内瑞拉有发现的纪录。
食人鱼（又名食人鲳）栖息在主流、较大支流，河宽甚广、水流较湍急处。在巴西的亚马逊河流域，食人鱼被列入当地最危险的四种水族生物之首。在食人鱼活动最频繁的巴西马把格洛索州，每年约有１２００头牛在河中被食人鲳吃掉。一些在水中玩的孩子和洗衣服的妇女不时也会受到食人鲳的攻击。食人鱼因其凶残特点被称为“水中狼族”、“水鬼”。
成鱼主要在黎明和黄昏时觅食，以昆虫、蠕虫、鱼类为主，但其有些相近种只吃水果和种子。活动以白天为主，中午会到有遮蔽的地方休息。成熟的食人鱼雌雄外观相似，具鲜绿色的背部和鲜红色的腹部，体侧有斑纹。有高度发展的听觉。两颚短而有力，下颚突出，牙齿为三角形，尖锐，上下互相交错排列。咬住猎物后紧咬着不放，以身体的扭动将肉撕裂下来，一口可咬下16立方公分的肉。牙齿的轮流替换使其能持续觅食，而强有力的齿列可引致严重的咬伤。繁殖期时会将卵产在水中的树根上，卵具黏着性。一次可产上千颗的卵。亲鱼会有护卵的行为，受精卵在9～10天之后孵化。河水的泛滥情形会影响其繁殖的成功率。
食人鱼常成群结队出没，每群会有一个领袖，其它的会跟随领袖行动，连攻击的目标也一样。在干季时，水域变小，使得食人鱼集结成一大群，经过此水域的动物或人就容易受到攻击。长久以来人们一直认为血的气味是引发大群食人鱼攻击的主因，但也有人认为是受伤动物所造成的噪音和水花引起它们的注意
俗语说："大鱼吃小鱼，小鱼吃虾米。"可是在南美洲亚马孙河流域的一些湖泊和河流中，却生长着一种鱼，不怕大动物，极具攻击性。 那么，这些湖泊和河流中究竟潜藏着什么怪物呢？
美国探险家杜林专程进行了考察，他目睹了一只大鸟企图捕猎水中鱼的情景。大鸟以俯冲的姿势冲入水中，却在水中挣扎起来，最后沉入水中。杜林非常惊讶，为了解开这个谜团，他把一头山羊用绳子绑住推入水中。不到几秒钟，湖水便猛烈地翻腾起来。5分钟后，他拉起绳子一看，只剩下了一具山羊的骨骼，骨骼上的肉已被啃得干干净净。
杜林在山羊的胸腔骨里发现了几条形状怪异的小鱼，它们掉在草地上乱跳，碰到什么咬什么。它们的头部两侧呈黑色，腹部橙黄色，仅6厘米～7厘米长，奇怪的是小鱼的嘴里却长着两排像利刃般锋利的牙齿。
经研究发现，这正是亚马孙河流域特有的"食人鱼"，当地人称"水鬼"。 食人鱼为何如此厉害
据生物学家统计，目前已发现的食人鱼有20多种，不仅出现在亚马孙河流域，在南美洲安第斯山脉以东，从加勒比海南岸至阿根廷北部的一些拉美国家都有食人鱼的踪迹。
食人鱼的体型虽然小，但它的性情却十分凶猛残暴。一旦被咬的猎物溢出血腥，它就会疯狂无比，用其锋利的尖齿，像外科医生的手术刀一般疯狂地撕咬切割，直到剩下一堆骸骨为止。
食人鱼为什么这么厉害？这是因为它的颈部短，头骨特别是腭骨十分坚硬，上下腭的咬合力大得惊人，可以咬穿牛皮甚至硬邦邦的木板，能把钢制的钓鱼钩一口咬断，其他鱼类当然就不是它的对手了。平时在水中称王称霸的鳄鱼，一旦遇到了食人鱼，也会吓得缩成一团，翻转身体面朝天，把坚硬的背部朝下，立即浮上水面，使食人鱼无法咬到腹部，救自己一命。
食人鱼的生活按属分是群居性和独居性，群居的时常几百条、上千条聚集在一起，最小6只也可成群，能同时用视觉、嗅觉和对水波震动的灵敏感觉寻觅进攻目标。但是它的视力较差，靠铁饼区分同类靠铁饼一样的体形区分同类。
食人鱼有胆量袭击比它自身大几倍甚至几十倍的动物，而且还有一套行之有效的"围剿战术"。当它们猎食时，食人鱼总是首先咬住猎物的致命部位，如眼镜或尾巴，使其失去逃生的能力，然后成群结队地轮番发起攻击，一个接一个地冲上前去猛咬一口，然后让开，为后面的鱼留下位置，迅速将目标化整为零，其速度之快令人难以置信。 食人鱼为何难以称霸亚马孙
许多人对这样一个问题大惑不解：既然食人鱼这么厉害，为什么亚马孙地区的动物不会被它扫荡光呢？
食人鱼的主要食物当然不会是落到水里的人、猴子、牛或其他哺乳动物，因为这种守株待兔式的猎食方式不能使它挨到下一顿，它们的主要目标是其他各种鱼类。
然而对于食人鱼来说，在亚马孙流域的河流里去猎食其他鱼类并非轻而易举之事，因为河水实在混浊，能见度通常不超过1米，而食人鱼发起攻击时离猎物的距离不能大于25厘米。
食人鱼的游速不够快，这对于许多鱼类来说无疑值得庆幸，但是捕食时的突击速度极快。游速慢的原因归咎于食人鱼的那副铁饼状的体型。长期的生物进化为什么没有赋予它一副苗条一点的身材呢？科学家们认为，铁饼型的体态是所有种类的食人鱼相互辨认的一个外观标志，这个标志起到了阻止食人鱼同类相食的作用。
为了对付食人鱼，还有许多鱼类在千百年的生存竞争中发展了自己的"尖端武器"。例如，一条电鳗所放出的高压电流就能把30多条食人鱼送上"电椅"处以死刑，然后再慢慢吃掉。
刺鲶则善于利用它的锐利棘刺，一旦被食人鱼盯上了，它就以最快速度游到最底下的一条食人鱼腹下，不管食人鱼怎样游动，它都与之同步动作。食人鱼要想对它下口，刺鲶马上脊刺怒张，使食人鱼无可奈何。 而且在且在亚马逊河杀手排行榜上刺鲶排第一，食人鱼只排在第四。
食人鱼还有一种独特的禀性，只有成群结队时它才凶狠无比。有的鱼类爱好者在玻璃缸里养上一条食人鱼，为了在客人面前显示自己的勇敢，有时他故意把手伸到水里，在大多数情况下他都能安然无事。 如果手指有伤就另当别论了。
假如客人凑近玻璃缸或是主人做了一个突如其来的手势，这种素有"亚马孙的恐怖"之称的食人鱼竟然吓得退缩到鱼缸最远的角落里不敢动弹。显而易见，平常成群结队时不可一世的食人鱼，一旦离了群，就成了可怜巴巴的胆小鬼啦。
乌克兰有关鱼类专家在查看了第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州捕捉到的食人鱼后认为，这些不速之客是被人为放生的，春季以来乌克兰河水和湖泊的水温能够满足食人鱼生存的需要，因此它们被放生后能自由地生存并开始繁殖。虽然等到冬天水温下降后这种热带鱼会被自然冻死，但今年夏天和秋天这段时间如果不捕杀它们的话，这种鱼还是会对水禽和人的安全构成威胁。
在亚马逊河流域食人鱼伤人的事件是较少见的，在我国非官方引进作为观赏鱼已经有十多年的历史。近来由于无知的新闻媒体炒作在鱼市上已经非常少见，且因为外形不大好看，只有喜爱它的专业鱼友手中才能见到。最低的价格都在百元以上，珍稀品种如“紫罗兰”则高达万元难求一鱼。市场上常见的几元一条称为食人鱼的大都是它的近亲红腹鲳。是我国早年作为食用鱼从巴西引进的。

HERB

English A
Akebia Fruit
Albizia Flower
Aloes
Alum
Amur Cork--Tree
Anise Oil
Antifeverile Dichroa Root
Appendiculate Cremastra Pseudobulb
Arca Shell
Areca Peel
Areca Seed

Areca Seed(charred)
Ary Wormwood Leaf
Armand Clematis Stem
Armebia Root (Grom Well Root)
Ash Bark
Asiatic Cornelian Cherry Fruit
Asiatic Moonseed Rhizome
Asiatic Pennywort Herb
Atractylodes Rhizome
Axillary Choerospondias Fruit
Latin A
Agkistrodon
Aloe
Alumen
Arillus Longan
Arisaemd Cum Bile
Aspongopus
Scientific term of Latin Index A
Abrus cantoniensis Hance
Aconitum carmichaeli Debx.
Abutilom theophrastii Medic.
Acacia catechu(L. )Wild.
Acanthopanax gracilistylus W .W .Smith
Achyranthes bidentata BL.
Acanthopanax senticosus(Rupr.et Maxim) Harms
Aconitum carmichaeli Debx.
Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.
Acorus tatarinowii Schott.
Adenophora stricat Miq.
Adenophora tetraphylla (Thunb.) Fisch.
Aesculus chinensis Bge.
Aesculus wilsonii Rehd.
Aesculus chinens is Bge.var.chekiangensis (Hu Et Fang) Fang
Agkistrodon acutus (Guenther)
Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.
Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle
Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne.
Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz.
Albizia julibrissin Durazz.
Akebia Trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz.var.australis (Diels) Rehd.
Alisma orientalis (Sam.) Juzep.
Allium macrostemon Bge.
Allium tuberosum Rottl.
Aloe barbadensis Miller
Aloe ferox Miller
Alpinia galanga Willd.
Alpinia katsumadai Hance
Alpinia katsumadai Hayata
Alpinia officinarum Hance
Amomum kravanh. Pirre ex Gagnep.
Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.
Amomum compactum Soland ex Maton.
Amomum longiligulare T .L .Wu
Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire
Amomum villosum Lour.
Amomum villosum Lour. var. xanthioides T. L. Wu et Senjen
Ampelopsis japonica (Thumb.) Makino
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees
Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.
Anemone raddeana Regel
Angelica dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Hook. f.
Angelica dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Hook. f .var. formosana (Boiss. ) Shan et Yuan
Angelic pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan
Angelic sinensis (Oliv. ) Diels
Apis cerana Fabricius
Apis mellifera Linnaeus
Apoceynum venetum L.
Aquilaria sinensis (Lour. ) Gilg
Arca granosa Linnaeus
Arca inflata Reeve
Arca subcrenata Lischke
Arctium lappa L.
Areca catechu L.
Arisaeme erubescens (Wall. ) Schott.
Arisaema amurense Maxim.
Arisaema heterophyllum BL.
Aristolochia contorta Bge.
Aristolochia debilis Sieb. et Zucc.
Aristolochia fangchi Y. C Wu ex L. D. Chou et S. M. Hwang
Aristolochin manshuriensis Kom.
Arnebia euchroma(Royle) Johnst.
Arnebia guttata Bunge.
.Artemisia annua L.
Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant.
Artemisia capillaris Thunb.
Artemisia scoparia Waldst .et Kit.
Asarum sieboldii Miq. var. seoulense Nakai
Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kitag.
Asarum sieboldii Miq.
Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr
Aster tataricus L.f.
Aspongopus chinensis Dallas
Astragalus complanatus R.Br.
Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.
Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz.
Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao
Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC.
Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.
Atropa belladonna L.
Aucklandia lappa Decne.

English B
Baical Skullcap Root
Bamboo Shavings
Baphicacanthus Root
Barbary Wolfberry Fruit
Barbated Skullcup Herb
Basket Fern
Beautiful Sweetgum Fruit
Beautiful Sweetgum Resin
Beeswax
Belladonna Herb
Belleric Terminalia Fruit
Benzion
Bergenin
Belvedere Fruit
Bezoar
Bile Arisaema
Biond Magnolia Flower
Bistort Rhizome
Bitter Apricot Seed
Black Sesame
Black Snake
Blackberrylily Rhizome
Blackend Swallowwort Root
Blister Beetle
Boat-fruited Sterculia Seed
Borneol
Broadleaf Globethistle Root
Buckeye Seed
Buffalo Horn
Latin B
Benzoinum
Bergeninum
Bombyx Batryticatus
Borneolun Syntheticum
Bulbus Allii Macrostemi
Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae
Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii
Bulbus Fritillariae Ussuriensis
Bulbus Lilii
Bungarus Parvus
Scientific term of Latin Index B
Bambusa textilis McClure
Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek
Bambusa tuldoides Munro
Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vaillant
Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.
Benincasa hipids (Thunb.) Cogn.
Bergenia pupurascens (Hook. f. et Thems.) Engl
Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f.
Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim.) Franquet
Bombyx mori L
Bos taurus domesticus Gmelin
Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. et Coss.
Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.
Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent.
Buddleja officinalis Maxim.
Bubalus bubalis Linnaeus
Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor
Bungarus multicinctus multicinctus Blyth
Bufo melanostictus Schneider
Bupleurum longiradiatum Turcz.
Bupleurum chinense DC.
Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd.
Buthus martensii Karsch

English C
Cablin Patchouli Herb
Calamine
Cassia Bark Oil
Calomel
Canton Love-pea Vine
Caoguo
Cape Jasmine Fruit
Caper Euphorbia Seed (pulverized)
Caper Euphorbia Seed
Cassia Twig
Castor Seed
Cattail Pollen
Christina Loosestrife
Cassia Seed
Carbonized Hair
Cassia Bark
Castor Oil
Catclaw Buttercup Root
Centipede
Cherokee Rose Fruit
Chicken's Gizzard-skin
Chicory Herb
Chinese Angelica
Chinese Arborvitae Twig and Leaf
Chinese Arborvitae Kernel
Chinese Asafetida
Chinese Caterpillar Fungus
Chinese Cinquefoil
Chinese Clematis Root
Chinese Date
Chinese Dwarf Cherry Seed
Chinese Gall
Chinese Eaglewood Wood
Chinese Gentain
Chinese Honeylocust Abnormal Fruit
Chinese Holly Leaf
Chinese Honeylocust Spine
Chinese Lizardtail Rhizome or Herb
Chinese Lobelia Herb
Chinese Lovage
Chinese Magnoliavine Fruit
Chinese Mahonia Stem
Chinese Pulsatilla Root
Chinese Rose Flower
Chinese Silkvine Root-bark
Chinese Star Anise
Chinese Starjasmine Stem
Chinese Tamarisk Twig
Chinese Taxillus Herb
Chinese Thorowax Root
Chinese Waxgourd Peel
Chinese White Olive
Chinese Wolfberry Root -bark
Chingma Abutilon Seed
Chlorite Schist
Chinese Arborvitae Twig and Leaf
Chriatina Loosestrife
Chrysanthemun Flower
Chuling
Cibot Rhizome
Cicada Slough
Cinnabar
Citron Fruit
Clam Shell
Clinopodium Herb
Clove
Cluster Mallow Fruit
Coastal Glehnia Root
Cochinchina Momordica Seed
Cochinchinese Asparagus Root
Cockcomb Flower
Coin-like White -banded Snake
Coix Seed
Colored Mistletoe Herb
Combined Spicebush Root
Common Yan Rhizome
Common Bletilla Tuber
Common Andrographis Herb
Common Anemarrhena Rhizome
Common Burreed Tuber
Common Carpesium Fruit
Common Clubmoss Herb
Common Cissampelos Herb
Common Coltsfoot Flower
Common Cnidium Fruit
Common Curculigo Rhizome
Common Ducksmeat Herb
Common Dayflower Herb
Common Fenugreek Seed
Common Floweringqince Fruit
Common Knotgrass Herb
Common Heron's Bill Herb Wilford Granesbill Herb
Common Monkshood Mother Root
Common Pleione Pseudobulb
Common Rush
Common Scouring Rush Herb
Common Selfheal Fruit -Spike
Common Sinopodophyllum Fruit
Common Vladimiriae Root
Condensed Buffalo Horn Powder
Costusroot
Cowherb Seed
Creeping Euphorbia
Croton Fruit
Cutch/Black Catechu
Cuttlbone
Latin C
Cacumen Platycladi
Cacumen Tamaricis
Calamina
Calculus Bovis
Calomelas
Calyx Kaki
Calyx Seu Fructus Physalis
Capsulae Olei Vitinis Negundo
Carapax Et Plastrumtestudinis
Carapax Trionycis
Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis
Catechu
Caulis Bambusae in Taeniam
Caulis Clematidis Armandii
Caulis Erycibes
Caulis Lonicerae
Caulis Mahoniae
Caulis Perillae
Caulis Piperis Kadsurae
Caulis Polygoni Multiflori
Caulis Sargentodoxae
Caulis Sinomenii
Caulis Spatholobi
Caulis Trachelospermi
Cera Chinensis
Cera Flava
Cinnabaris
Colla Carapacis Et Plastri Testudinis
Colla Corii Asini
Colla Cornus Cervi
Concha Arcae
Concha Haliotidis
Concha Margaritifera Usta
Concha Meretricis Seu Cyclinae
Concha Ostreae
Concretio Silicea Bambusae
Cordyceps
Cornu Bubali
Cornu Cervi
Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum
Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum
Cornu Saigae Tataricae
Cortex Acanthopanacis
Cortex Ailanthi
Cortex Albiziae
Cortex Cinnamomi
Cortex Dictamni
Cortex Eucommiae
Cortex Fraxini
Cortex Illicii
Cortex Lycii
Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis
Cortex Meliae
Cortex Mori
Cortex Moutan
Cortex Periplocae
Cortex Phellodendri
Cortex Pseudolaricis
Crinis Carbonisatus
Scientific term of Latin Index C
Calvatia lilacina (Mont. et Berk.) Lloyd
Calvatia gigantea (Batsch ex Pers.) Lloyd
Caesalpinia sappan L.
Camellia meiocarpa Hu. ms.
Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.) K Schum.
Camellia oleifera Abel
Campsis radicans (L.) Seem.
Canarium album Raeusch
Cannabis sativa L.
Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC.
Carpesium abrotanoides L.
Carthamus tinctorius L.
Cassia acutifolia Delile
Cassia angustifolia Vahl
Cassia obtusifolia L.
Celosia argentea L.
Cassia tora L.
Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.
Celosia cristata L.
Centipeda minima (L.) A. Braun et Aschers.
Cervus nippon Temminck
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus
Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai
Changium smyrnioides Wolff
Chinemys reevesii(Gray)
Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb. ) Burtt et Hill
Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.
Chrysanthemum indicum L.
Cichorium glandulosum Boiss. et Hout
Cichorium intybus L.
Cibotium barometz (L.)J. Sm.
Citrus reticulata Blanco
Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim.
Cimicifuga foetida L.
Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom.
Cinnamomum camphora(L. ) Sieb.
Cinnamomum cassia Presl
Cirsium japonicum DC.
Cirsium setosum (Willd. ) MB.
Cissampelos pareira L. var. hirsuta (Buch.ex. DC.) Forman
Cistamche deserticola Y.C.Ma
Citrus aurantium 'Chuluan'
Citrus aurantium L.
Citrus aurantium 'Daidai'
Citrus aurantium 'Huangpi'
Citrus medica L.
Citrus aurantium 'Tangcheng'
Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle
Citrus grandis (L. ) Osbeck
Citrus grandis 'Tomentosa'
Citrus reticulata Blanco
Citrus reticulata 'Chachi'
Citrus reticulata 'Dahongpao'
Citrus reticulata 'Tangerina'
Citrus reticulata 'Unshiu'
Citrus sinensis Osbeck
Citrus wilsonii Tanaka
Clematis armandii Franch.
Clematis chinensis Osbeck
Clematis hexapetala Pall
Clematis montana Buch. - Ham.
Clinopodium chinensis (Benth.) O. Kuntze
Clematis manshurica Rupr.
Clinopodium polycephalum (Vaniot) C.Y. Wu et Hsuan ex Hsuan
Cnidium monnieri (L. ) Cuss.
Codonopsis pilosula Nannf. var. modesta (Nannf. )L.T.Shen
Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf
Codonopsis tangshen Oliv
Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. ma -yuen (Roman. ) Stapf
Commelina communis L.
Coptis deltoidea C.Y. Cheng et Hsiao
Coptis chinensis Franch
Coptis teeta Wall
Cordyceps sinensis (Berk. ) Sacc.
Corydalis decumbens (Thunb. ) Pers
Corydalis decumbens (Thunb. ) Pers
Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc.
Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang
Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.
Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E.Br.
Cremastra appendiculate (D. Don) Makino
Cristaria plicata (Leach)
Cryptotympana pustulata Fabricius
Crocus sativus L.
Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.
Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G.Lee et C.F. Liang
Croton tiglium L.
Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.
Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen et C. Ling
Curcuma Longa L.
Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton,

Cuscuta chinensis Lam.
Cyathula officinalis Kuan
Cyclina sinensis Gmelin
Cynanchum atratum Bge.
Cynanchum stauntonii (Decne. ) Schltr. ex. Levl.
Cynanchum paniculatum (Bge. ) Kitag.
Cynanchum versicolor Bge.
Cyperus rotundus L.
Cynanchum glaucescens (Decne.) Hand, -Mazz.
Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.

English D
Dahurian Angelica Root
Dahurian Rhododendron Leaf
Dandelion
Danshen Root
Datura Flower
Daurian Rhododendron Oil
Decumbent Corydalis Rhizome
Deerhorn (Antler)
Defatted Croton Seed Powder
Deglatined Deerhorn
Dendrobium
Densefruit Pittany Root-bark
Desertliving Cistanche
Difengpi Bark
Digitalis Leaf
Divaricate Saposhnikovia Root
Dodder Seed
Dogbane Leaf
Dried Lacquer
Dried Tangerine Peel
Dutchmanspipe Vine
Dutohmanspipe Fruit
Dwarf Lilyturf Tuber
Doubleteeth Pubescent Angelica Root
Dyers Woad Leaf
Latin D

Scientific term of Latin Index D
Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen
Daphne genkwa Sieb. et Zucc.
Datura metel L.
Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindl.
Dendrobium chrysanthum Wall.
Descurainia sophia (L. ) Webb ex Prantl
Daucus carota L.
Dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe
D. nobile Lindl
Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. var. oculatum Hook.
Dianthus chinensis L.
Dianthus superbus L.
Desmodium styracifolium (Osb. ) Merr.
Dichroa febrifuga Lour.
Digitalis purpurea L.
Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz
Dimocarpus longan Lour.
Dioscorea opposita Thunb.
Diospyros kaki L. f
Dioscorea hypoglauca Palibin
Dioscorea futschauensis Uline
Diospyros kaki Thunb.
Dioscorea opposita Thunb.
Dioscorea septemloba Thunb.
Dolichos lablab L.
Dipsacus aspercides C.Y. Cheng et T.M.Ai
Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J.Sm.
Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai

English E
Egg Capsule of Mantid
Emblic Leaffower Fruit
English Walnut Seed
Ephedra
Ephedra Root
Epimedium Herb
Erycibe Stem
Eucalyptus Oil
Eucommia Bark
European Verbena Herb
Exsiccated Sodium Sulfate
Latin E
Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli
Eupolyphaga Seu Steleophaga
Exocarpium Benincasae
Exocarpium Citri Grandis
Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Scientific term of Latin Index E
Echinops latifolius Tausch.
Echinops grijisii Hance
Ecklonia kurome Okam.
Elaphe carinata (Guenther)
Elaphe taeniura Cope
Eclipta prostrata L.
Ephedra equisetina Bge.
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et C.A.Mey.
Ephedra sinica Stapf
Epimedium brevicornum Maxim.
Epimedium koreanum Nakai
Epimedium pubescens Maxim.
Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxm.
Epimedium wushanense T.S.Ying
Ericerus pela (Chavannes) Guerin
Equisetum hiemale L.
Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb. ) Lindl.
Eriocaulon buergerianum Koern.
Erycibe obtusifolia Benth.
Erodium stephanianum Willd.
Erycibe schmidtii Craib
Eucalyptus globulus Labill.
Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.
Eugemia caryophyllata Thunb.
Eupatorium fortunei Turcz.
Euphorbia humifusa Willd.
Euphorbia kansui T. N. Liou ex T. P. Wang
Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr.
Euphorbia maculata L.
Euphorbia lathyris L.
Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker
Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. var . bodinieri (Dode) Huang
Euryale ferox Salisb.
Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. var. officinalis (Dode) Huang
Evodia rutaecarpa(Juss.) Benth.

English F
Feather Cockscomb Seed
Fennel
Fennelflower Seed
Fermented Soybean
Field Thistle Herb
Figwort Root
Fortune Eupatorium Herb
Figwortflower Picrorhiza Rhizome
Fineleaf Schizonepeta Herb
Finger Citron
Flatstem Milkvetch Seed
Fleeceflower Root
Fluorite
Forest Frog's Oviduct
Fortune Windmillpalm Petiole
Fortune's Drynaria Rhizome
Fourleaf Ladybell Root
Fourstamen Stephania Root
Fragrant Solomonseal Rhizome
Fresh Ginger
Franchet Groundcherry Fruit
Funneled Physochlaina Root
Latin F
Flos Albiziae
Flos Buddlejae
Flos Campsis
Flos Carthami
Flos Caryophylli
Flos Celosiae Cristatae
Flos Chrysanthemi
Flos Chrysanthemi Indici
Flos Daturae
Flos Eriocauli
Flos Farfarae
Flos Genkwa
Flos Inulae
Flos Lonicerae
Flos Magnoliae
Flos Mume
Flos Magnolisa Officinalis
Flos Rhododendri Mollis
Flos Rosae Chinensis
Flos Rosae Rugosae
Flos Sophorae
Fluoritum
Folium Apocyni Veneti
Folium Aconiti Kusnezoffii
Folium Artemisiae Argyi
Folium Digitalis
Folium Eriobotryae
Folium Ginseng
Folium Et Cacumen Murrayae
Folium Isatidis
Folium Ilicis Cornutae
Folium Nelumbinis
Folium Mori
Folium Perillae
Folium Polygoni Tinctorii
Folium Pyrrosiae
Folium Rhododendri Daurici
Folium Sennae
Folium Viticis Negundo
Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae
Fructus Akebiae
Fructus Amomi
Fructus Amomi Rotundus
Fructus Arctii
Fructus Anisi Stellati
Fructus Aristolochiae
Fructus Aurantii
Fructus Bruceae
Fructus Aurantii Immaturus
Fructus Broussonetiae
Fructus Canarii
Fructus Carotae
Fructus Chebulae
Fructus Carpesii
Fructus Chaenomelis
Fructus Chebulae
Fructus Citri
Fructus Choerospondiatis
Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis
Fructus Cnidii
Fructus Corni
Fructus Crataegi
Fructus Crotonis
Fructus Evodiae
Fructus Foeniculi
Fructus Forsythiae
Fructus Galangae
Fructus Gardeniae
Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis
Fructus Hippophae
Fructus Hordei Germinatus
Fructus Jujubae
Fructus Kochiae
Fructus Leonuri
Fructus Ligustri Lucidi
Fructus Liquidambaris
Fructus Litseae
Fructus Lycii
Fructus Malvae
Fructus Momordicae
Fructus Mori
Fructus Mume
Fructus Perillae
Fructus Oryzae Germinatus
Fructus Phyllanthi
Fructus Piperis
Fructus Piperis Longi
Fructus Podophylli
Fructus Polygoni Orientalis
Fructus Psoraleae
Fructus Quisqualis
Fructus Rosae Laevigatae
Fructus Rubi
Fructus Schisandrae
Fructus Setariae Germinatus
Fructus Sophorae
Fructus Terminaliae Billericae
Fructus Toosendan
Fructus Tribuli
Fructus Tsaoko
Fructus Trichosanthis
Fructus Viticis
Fructus Xanthii
Scientific term of Latin Index F
Ferula fukanensis K.M. Shen
Ferula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen
Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
Forsythia suspensa (Thunb. ) Vahl.
Fraxinus chinensis Roxb.
Fraxinus stylosa Lingelsh
Fraxinus chinensis Roxb. var. acuminata Lingelsh

Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance
Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don
Fritillaria delavayi Franch.
Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk
Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.
Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim.
Fritillaria unibracteata Hsiao et K. C. Hsia
Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim.
Fritillaria walujewii Regel

English G
Galanga Galangal Fruit
Galanga Resurrectionlily Rhizome
Gambir Olant
Gansui Root
Garden Balsam Seed
Garden Burnet Root
Germinated Barley
Giant Knotweed Rhizome
Giant Typhonium Rhizome
Golden Larch Bark
Ginkgo Seed
Ginseng
Ginseng Leaf
Glabrius Greenbrier Rhizome
Glossy Privert Fruit
Golden Thread
Gordon Euryale Seed
Grand Torreya Seed
Grassleaf Sweetflag Rhizome
Great Burdock Achene
Green Tangerine Peel
Grosvenor Momordica Fruit
Ground Beetle
Ground Dragon
Gambir Plant
Gypsum(calcined)
Gypsum
Latin G
Galla Chinensis
Gecko
Gypsum Fibrosum
Gypsum Fibrosum Preparata
Scientific term of Latin Index G
Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis
Gastrodia elata Bl.
Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk.
Gentiana dahurica Fisch.
Gekko gecko Linnaeus
Gentiana macrophylla Pall
Gentiana manshurica Kitag.
Gentiana rigescens Franch.
Gentiana scabra Bge.
Gentiana straminea Maxim.
Geranium wilfordii Maxim.
Gentiana triflora Pall.
Ginkgo biloba L.
Glechoma longituba (Nakai) Kupr.
Gleditsia sinensis Lam.
Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schmidt ex Miq.
Glycine max (L. ) Merr.
Glycyrrhiza glabra L.
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.
Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat.

English H
Hairyvein Agrimonia Herb
Hawthorn Fruit
Heartleaf Houttuynia Herb
Hematite
Hemp Seed
Hedge Prinesepia Nut
Hempleaf Negundo Chastetree Leaf
Henbane Seed
Heterophylly Falsestarwort Root
Himalayan Teasel Root
Hirsute Shiny Bugleweed Herb
Hogfennel Root
Honey
Honeysuckle Flower
Honeycomb
Honeysuckle Stem
Human Placenta
Hypoglaucous Collett Yam Rhizome
Latin H
Haematitum
Halloysitum Rubrum
Herba Abri
Herba Eupatorll
Herba Agrimoniae
Herba Andrographitis
Herba Aristolochiae
Herba Artemisiae Annuae
Herba Artemisae Scopariae
Herba Asari
Herba Belladonnae
Herba Centellae
Herba Centipedae
Herba Cichorii
Herba Cirsii
Herba Cirsii Japonici
Herba Cissampelotis
Herba Cistanches
Herba Clinopodii
Herba Commlinae
Herba Cynomorii
Herba Dendrobii
Herba Dianthi
Herba Desmodii Styracifolii
Herba Ecliptae
Herba Ephedrae
Herba Epimedii
Herba Equiseti Hiemalis
Herba Erodii
Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae
Herba Eupatorii
Herba Geranii
Herba Glechomae
Herba Houttuyniae
Herba Inulae
Herba Leonuri
Herba Lobeliae Chinensis
Herba Lycopi
Herba Lophatheri
Herba Lycopodti
Herba Lysimachiae
Herba Menthae
Herba Moslae
Herba Plantaginis
Herba Pogostemonis
Herba Portulacae
Herba Polygoni Avicularis
Herba Potentillae Chinensis
Herba Pyrolae
Herba Saururi
Herba Schizonepetae
Herba Scutellariae Barbatae
Herba Sedi
Herba Selaginellae
Herba Siegesbeckiae
Herba Swertiae Mileensis
Herba Spirodelae
Herba Taraxaci
Herba Taxilli
Herba Verbenae
Herba Violae
Herba Visci
Hippocampus
Hirudo
Hydrargyri Oxydum Rubrum
Scientific term of Latin Index H
Haliotis asinina Linnaeus
Haliotis discus hannai Ino
Haliotis diversicolor Reeve
Haliotis laevigata (Donovar)
Haliotis ruber (Leach)
Haliotis ovina Gmelin
Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz.
Helwingia japonica (Thunb. ) Dietr.
Hierodula patellifera (Serville)
Hippocampus histrix Kaup
Hippocampus japonicus Kaup
Hippocampus kelloggi Jordan et Snyder
Hippocampus kuda Bleeker
Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach
Hippophae rhamnoides L.
Hirude nipponica Whitman
Homalomena occulta (Lour. ) Schott
Hordeum vulgare.L
Houttuynia cordata Thunb.
Hyriopsis cumingii (Lea)
Hyoscyamus niger L.

English I
Immature Orange Fruit
Incised Notopterygium Rhizome or Root
India Madder Root
Indian Bread
Indian Quassiawood
Indian Trumpetflower Seed
Indigoplant Leaf
Insect Wax
Inula Flower
Inula Herb
Inula Root
Isatis Root
Latin I
Indigo Naturalis
Scientific term of Latin Index I
Ilex cornuta Lindl . ex Paxt.
Ilex cornuta Lindl
Illicium difengpi K. I. B. et K. I. M.
Illicium verum Hook.f.
Imptiens balsamina L.
Imperata cylindrica Beauv. var. major (Nees) C.E. Hubb.
Inula britannica L.
Inula japonica Thunb.
Inula helenium L.
Inula linariifolia Turcz.
Inula racemosa Hook. f.
Isatis indigotica Fort.

English J
Jack Bean
Jackinthepulpit Tuber
Japanese Ampelopsis Root
Japanese Climbling Fern Spore
Japanese Ginseng
Japanese Pagodatree Pod
Japanese Thistle Herb/Japanese Thistle Root
Japanese Helwingia Pith
Java Brucea Fruit
Jiuxiang Bug
Latin J
Juglans regia L.
Juncus effusus L.
Scientific term of Latin Index J
Juglans regia L.
Juncus effusus L.

English K
Kadsura Pepper Stem
Katsumada Galangal Seed
Kelp or Tangle
Knoxia Root
Kudzuvine Root
Kusnezoff Monkshood Leaf
Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Latin K

Scientific term of Latin Index K
Kaempferia galanga L.
Knoxia valerianoides Thorel et Pitard
Kochia scoparia (L. ) Schrad

English L
Lalang Grass Rhizome
Largehead Atractylodes Rhizome
Largeleaf Japanese Ginseng Rhizome
Largeleaf Gentian Root
Largetrifoliolious Bugbane Rhizome
Leech
Lesser Galangal Rhizome
Lightyellow Sophora Root
Lilac Daphne Flower Bud
Lilac Pink Herb
Limonite
Lily Bullb
Linseed
Liquorice Root
Liquorice Root (processed with honey)
Liriope Root
Long Pepper
Long-noded Pit Viper
Longstamen Onion Bullb
Longstamen Onion Bullb
Longan Aril
Longtube Ground Ivy Herb
Lophatherum Herb
Loquat Leaf
Lotus Plumule
Lotus Receptacle
Lotus Rhizome Node
Lotus Stamen
Lotus Seed
Lotus Leaf
Lychee Seed
Lurong (Pilose Antler)
Luffa Vegetable Sponge
Latin L
Lapis Chloriti
Lapis Micae Aureus
Lasiosphaera Seu Calvatia
Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum
Ligni Dalbergiae Odoriferae
Lignum Sappan
Lignum Santali Album
Limonitum
Fructus Listeae
Scientific term of Latin Index L
Laminaria japonica Aresch.
Leonurus heterophyllus Sweet.
Lasiosphaera fenzlii Reich.
Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.
Ligusticum jeholense Nakai et Kitag.
Lepidium apetalum Willd.
Ligusticum sinense Oliv.
Lilium brownii F.E.Brown var. viridulum Baker
Ligustrum lucidum Ait.
Lilium lancifolium Thund.
Lilium pumilum DC.
Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm.
Lindera communis Hemsl.
Linum usitatissimum L.
Liquidambar formosana Hance
Liriope muscari (Desne) Baily
Liquidambar orientalis Mill.
Liriope spicata (Thunb. ) Lour. var. prolifera Y. T. Ma
Litchi chinensis Sonn.
Litsea cubeba (Lour. ) Pers.
Lithospermun erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc.
Lobelia chinensis Lour.
Lonicera hypoglauca Miq
Lonicera dasystyla Rehd.
Lonicera confuss DC.
Lonicera japonica Thunb.
Lophatherum gracile Brongn.
Luffa cylindrica (L. ) Roem.
Lonicera japonica Thund.
Lysimachia christinae Hance
Lycopodium japonicum Thunb.
Lycium barbarum L.
Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw.
Lycopus lucidus Turcz. var. hirtus Regel
Lycium chinensis Mill.

English M
Magnetite
Malayter Scurfpea Fruit
Manchurian Dutchmanspipe Stem
Manchurian Wildginger
Manyinflorescenced Sweetvetch Root
Manyinflorescenced Sweetvetch Root (processed with honey)
Manyprickle Acanthopanax Root
Medicinal Changium Root
Medicinal Cyathula Root
Medicinal Evodia Fruit
Medicine Terminalia Fruit
Menthol
Mica-schist
Mile Swertia Herb
Milkvetch Root
Millet Sprout
Morinda Root
Mosla Herb
Motherwort Fruit
Motherwort Herb
Mountain Spicy Fruit
Mulberry Leaf
Mulberry Fruit
Mulberry Twig
Murraya Jasminorage
Musk
Mustard Seed
Muskroot-like Semiaquilegia Root
Latin M
Magnetitum
Margarita
Medulla Helwingiae
Medulla Junci
Medulla Stachyuri
Medulla Tetrapanacis
Mel
Mentholum
Moschus
Mylabris
Scientific term of Latin Index M
Magnolia biondii Pamp.
Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils.
Magnolia denudata Desr.
Mahonia bealei (Fort. ) Carr.
Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. var biloba Rehd. et Wils.
Magnolia sprengeri Pamp.
Mahonia fortunei (Lindl. ) Fedde
Malva verticillata L.
Manispentadactyla Linnaeus
Melaphis chinensis (Bell) Baker
Melia azedarach L.
Melia toosendan Sieb. et Zucc.
Menispermum dauricum DC.
Mentha haplocalyx Briq.
Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus
Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour. ) Spreng.
Momordica grosvenori Swingle
Morinda officinalis How
Morus alba L.
Moschus berezovskii Flerov
Moschus moschiferus Linnaeus
Mosla chinensis Maxim.
Moschus sifanicus Przewalski
Murraya paniculata (L. ) Jack
Multiflori
Multiflori Preparata
Murraya exotica (L.)
Mylabris cichorii Linnaeus
Mylabris phalerata Pallas
Myristica fragrans Houtt

English N
Nacre
Nardostachys Rhizome
Natural Indigo
Negundo Chastetree Oil
Nutmeg
Nutgrass Galingale Rhizome
Nux Vomica
Nux Vomica Powder
Latin N
Natrii Sulfas
Natrii Sulfas Exsiccatus
Nidus Vespae
Nux Prinsepiae
Nodus Nelumbinis Rhizomatis
Scientific term of Latin Index N
Nardostachys chinensis Batal.
Nardostachys jatamansi DC.
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
Notopterygium forbesii Boiss.
Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H.T. Chang
Nigella glandulifera Freyn

English O
Obscured Homalomena Rhizome
Ocimum Oil
Officinal Magnolia Bark
Ophicalcite
Officinal Magnolia Flower
Orange Fruit
Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome
Orientvine Stem
Oyster Shell
Latin O
Oleum Anisi Stellati
Oleum Camelliae
Oleum Cinnamomi
Oleum Eucalypti
Oleum Linderae
Oleum Menthae
Oleum Ricini
Oleum Ocimi Gratissimi
Oleum Rhododendri Daurici
Oleum Terebinthinae
Oleum Sesami
Oleum Viticis Negundo
Omphalia
Ootheca Mantidis
Ophicalcitum
Os Sepiae
Oviductus Ranae
Scientific term of Latin Index O
Ocimum gratissimum L.
Omphalia lapidescens Schroet.
Oryza sativa L.
Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent.
Ophiopogon japonicus (L.f.) Ker-Gawl.
Ostrea gigas Thunberg.
Ostrea rivularis Gould
Ostrea talienwhanensis Crosse

English P
Pagodatree Flower
Pale Butterflybush Flower
Palmleaf Raspberry Fruit
Pangolin Scale
Paniculate Bolbostemma
Paris Root
Papermulberry Fruit
Paniculate Swallowwort Root
Pearl
Peach Seed
Pepper Fruit
Peking Euphorbia Root
Peppermint
Perilla Fruit
Pepperweed Seed (Tansymustard Seed)
Peppermint Oil
Perilla Leaf
Perilla Stem
Persimmon Calyx
Pharbitis Seed
Pine Pollen
Pinellia Tuber
Pinellia Tuber (processed with Radix Glycyrrhizae and Lime)
Pipe Fish
Pipewort Flower
Plantain Herb
Plantain Seed
Platycodon Root
Plum Flower
Pokeberry Root
Pomegranate Rind
Poppy Capsule
Prepared Common Monkshood Daughter Root
Prepared Common Monkshood Mother Root
Prepared Fleeceflower Root
Prepared Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Pricklyash Peel
Prepared Kusnezoff Monkshood Root.
Prince's-feather Fruit
Pronghorn
Puff-ball
Pummelo Peel
Purslane Herb
Puncturevine Caltrop Fruit
Pyrite
Pyrola Herb
Latin P
Pericarpium Arecae
Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae
Pericarpium Granati
Pericarpium Trichosanthis
Pericarpium PapAveris
Pericarpium Zanthoxyli
Pericarpium Citri peticulatae Viride
Periostracum Cicadae
Periostracum Serpentis
Petiolus Trachycarpi
Pheretima
Placenta Hominis
Plumula Nelumbinis
Pollen Pini
Pollen Typhae
Polyporus
Poria
Pseudobulbus Cremastrae Seu Pleiones
Pulvis Cornus Bubali Concentratus
Pulvis Talci
Pyritum
Scientific term of Latin Index P
Paeonia lactiftora Pall.
Paconia lactiflora Pall.
Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.
Paeonia veitchii Lynch
Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.
Panax japonicus C.A.Mey. var . major (Burk.) C.Y.Wu et K.M.Feng
Panax japonicus C.A.Mey.
Papaver, somniferum L
Panax notoginseng (Burk. ) F. H. Chen
Panax japonicus C.A.Mey. var .bipinnatifidus (Seem.) C.Y.Wu et K.M.Feng
Parapolybia varia Fabricius
Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco
Paris polyphylla Sm. var. chinensis( Franch.) Hara
Paris polyphylla Sm. var. yunnanensis (Fanch.) Hand. -Mzt.
Perilla frutescens (L. ) Britt.
Peucedanum decursivum Maxim.
Periploca sepium Bge.
Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn
Pharbitis purpurea (L. ) Choisy
Pharbitis nil (L. ) Choisy
Phaseolus angularis Wight
Phaseolus calcaratus Roxb.
Phellodendron amurense Rupr.
Phellodendron chinense Schneid.
Pheretima aspergillum (E.Perrier)
Pheretima vulgaris Chen
Pheretima guillelmi (Michaelsen)
Pheretima pectinifera Michaelsen
Phlomis kawaguchii Murata
Phyllanthus emblica L.
Phragmites communis Trin.
Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast. ) Makino
Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. henonis (Mitf. ) Stapf ex Rendle
Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis Stapf
Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.
Physochiaina infundibularis Kuang
Phytolacca americana L.
Picrasma quassioides (D.Don) Benn.
Pinellia ternata (Thunb. ) Breit.
Pinus massoniana Lamb.
Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell
Piper kadsura (Choisy) Ohwi
Pinus tabulae formis Carr.
Plantago depressa Willd.
Platycladus orientails (L.) Franco
Piper longum L.
Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq. ) A. DC.
Pleione yunnanensis Rolfe
Piper nigrum L.
Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch. ) Rolfe
Podophyllum emodi Wall.
Plantago asiatica L.
Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.
Polistes japonicus Saussure
Polygala sibirica L.
Polistes olivaceous (DeGeer)
Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl.
Polygala tenuifolia Willd.
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua
Polygonatum odoratum (Mill. ) Druce
Polygonum aviculare L.
Polygonatum sibiricum Red.
Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc.
Polygonum bistorta L.
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.
Polygonum tinctorium Ait.
Polygonum orientale L.
Polyporus umbellatus (Pers. ) Fries
Poria cocos (Schw. ) Wolf
Portulaca oleracea L.
Potentilla chinensis Ser.
Prinsepia uniflora Batal.
Prunella vulgaris L.
Prinsepia uniflora Batal .var. serrata Rehd.
Prunus armeniaca L. var. ansu Maxim.
Prunus davidiana (Carr.) Franch.
Prunus armeniaca L.
Prunus mandshurica (Maxim.) Koehne
Prunus mume (Sieb. ) Sieb. et Zucc.
Prunus humilis Bge.
Prunus pedunculata Maxim.
Prunus persica (L. ) Batsch
Prunus sibirica L.
Prunus japonica Thunb
Pseudolarix kaempferi Gord.
Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq. ) Pax ex pax et Hoffm.
Pteria martensii (Dunker)
Pteria martensii (Dunder)
Pueraria lobata (Willd. ) Ohwi
Psoralea corylifolia L.
Pueraria thomsonii Benth.
Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge. ) Regel
Punica granatum L.
Pyrola calliantha H. Andres
Pyrola decorata H. Andres
Pyrrosia lingua (Thunb. ) Farwell
Pyrrosia petiolosa (Christ ) Ching
Pyrrosia sheareri (Bak. ) Ching

Q
English R
Radde Anemone Rhizome
Radish Seed
Rangooncreeper Fruit
Red Ginseng
Realgar
Red Halloysite
Red Mercuric Oxide
Red Peony Root
Red Tangerine Peel
Reed Rhizome
Rehmannia Root (processed)
Rehmannia Root
Rhubarb
Rice Bean
Rice-grain Sprout
Ricepaperplant Pith
Rose Flower
Rosewood
Round Cardamon Fruit
Latin R
Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi
Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae
Radix Aconiti
Rhizoma Cibotll
Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii
Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Prep arata
Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata
Radix Aconiti Preparata
Radix Adenophorae
Radix Ampelopsis
Radix Angelicae Dahuricae
Radix Angelicea Pubescentis
Radix Angelicea Sinensis
Radix Changll
Radix Aristolochiae
Radix Aristolochiae Fangchi
Radix Arnebiae
Radix Asparagi
Radix Asteris
Radix Astragali
Radix Aucklandiae
Radix Bupleuri
Radix Changii
Radix Cirsii Japonici
Radix Clematidis
Radix Codonopsis
Radix Curcumae
Radix Cyathulae
Radix Cynanchi Atrati
Radix Cynanchi Paniculati
Radix Dichroae
Radix Dipsaci
Radix Echinopsis
Radix Ephedrae
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei
Radix Euphorbiae Pekinensis
Radix Et Caulis Baphicacanthis Cusiae
Radix Gentianae
Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae
Radix Ginseng
Radix Ginseng Rubra
Radix Glehniae
Radix Glycyrrhizae
Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata
Radix Hedysari
Radix Hedysari Preparata
Radix Inulae
Radix Isatidis
Radix Kansui
Radix Knoxiae
Radix Linderae
Radix Liriopes
Radix Lithospermi
Radix Morindae Officinalis
Radix Notoginseng
Radix Ophiopogonis
Radix Paeoniae Alba
Radix Paeoniae Rubra
Radix Peucedani
Radix Physochlainae
Radix Phytolaccae
Radix Platycodi
Radix Polygalae
Radix Polygoni Multiflori
Radix Polygoni
Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata
Radix Pseudostellariae
Radix Puerariae
Radix Pulsatillae
Radix Ranunculi Ternati
Radix Rehmanniae
Radix Rehmanniae Preparata
Radix Rhapontici
Radix Rubiae
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
Radix Sanguisorbae
Radix Saposhnikoviae
Radix Scrophulariae
Radix Scutellariae
Radix Semiaquilegiae
Radix Seu Rhizoma Nardostachyos
Radix Stellariae
Radix Sophorae Flavescentis
Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis
Radix Stemonae
Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae
Radix Tinosporae
Radix Trichosanthis
Radix Vladimiriae
Radix Zanthoxyli
Ramulus Cinnamomi
Ramulus Et Folium Picrasmae
Ramulus Mori
Ramulus Uncariae Cum Uncis
Realgar
Receptaculum Nelumbinis
Resina Ferulae
Resina Liquidamberis
Resina Toxicodendri
Retinervus Luffae Fructus
Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii
Rhizoma Alismatis
Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum
Rhizoma Anemarrhenae
Rhizoma Anemones Raddeanae
Rhizoma Arisaematis
Rhizoma Atractylodis
Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae
Rhizoma Belamcandae
Rhizoma Bistortae
Rhizoma Bletillae
Rhizoma Bolbostemmae
Rhizoma Chuanxiong
Rhizoma Cibotii
Rhizoma Cimicifugae
Rhizoma Coptidis
Rhizoma Corydalis
Rhizoma Corydalis Decumbentis
Rhizoma Curculiginis
Rhizoma Curcumae
Rhizoma Curcumae Longae
Rhizoma Cynanchi Stauntonii
Rhizoma Cyperi
Rhizoma Dioscoreae
Rhizoma Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae
Rhizoma Drynariae
Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae
Rhizoma Dryopteris Crassirhizomae
Rhizoma Et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae
Rhizoma Gastrodiae
Rhizoma Homalomenae
Rhizoma Imperatae
Rhizoma Kaempferiae
Rhizoma Ligustici
Rhizoma Menispermi
Rhizoma Panacis Japonici
Rhizoma Panacis Majoris
Rhizoma Paridis
Rhizoma Phragmitis
Rhizoma Picrorhizae
Rhizoma Pinelliae
Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata
Rhizoma Polygonati
Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati
Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati
Rhizoma Saururi
Rhizoma Seu Radix Notopterygii
Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae
Rhizoma Sparganii
Rhizoma Typhonii
Rhizoma Wenyujin Concisa
Rhizoma Zingiberis
Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparata
Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens
Scientific term of Latin Index R
Rana temporaria chensinensis David
Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.
Raphanus sativus L.
Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.
Rhaponticum uniflorum (L. ) DC.
Rheum officinale Baill.
Rhododendron dauricum L.
Rheum tanguticum Maxim .ex Balf.
Rheum palmatum L.
Rhododendron molle G.Don
Rhus potaninii Maxim.
Rhus chinensis Mill.
Rhus punjabensis stew .var. sinica (Diels) Rehd. et Wils.
Rosa chinensis Jacq.
Ricinus communis L.
Rosa laevigata Michx.
Rosa rugosa Thunb.
Rubia cordifolia L.
Rubus chingii Hu

English S
Safflower
Saffron
Sanchi
Sandalwood
Sappan Wood
Sargentgloryvine Stem
Scorpion
Sea-ear Shell
Sea-Horse
Seabuckthorn Fruit
Semen Cannabis
Seaweed
Senna Leaf
Sesame Oil
Sevenlobed Yam Rhizome
Sharpleaf Glangal Fruit
Shearer's Pyrrosia Leaf
Shiny Pricklyash
Shrub Chastetree Fruit
Siberian Cocklebur Fruit
Siegesbeckia Herb
Silktree Albizia Bark
Sinkiang Fritillary Bullb
Slender Dutchmanspipe Root
Slenderstyle Acanthopanax Bark
Small Centipeda Herb
Smoked Plum
Snake Slough
Snakegound Fruit
Snakegound Peel
Snakegound Root
Snakegound Seed
Snowbellleaf Tickclover Herb
Sodium Sulfate
Solomonseal Rhizome
Songaria Cynomorium Herb
Southen Fangchi Root
Spiceleaf Kernal Oil
Spikemoss
Spine Date Seed
Starwort Root
Stachyurus or Japanese Helwingia Pith
Stalactite
Stemona Root
Stiff Silkworm
Storax
Stringy Stonecrop Herb
Suberect Spatholobus Stem
Sulfur
Sweet Wormwood Herb
Szechwan Chinaberry Bark
Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit
Szechwan Lovage Rhizome
Latin S
Sargassum
Scolopendra
Scorpio
Semen Abutili
Semen Aesculi
Semen Allii Tuberosi
Semen Alpiniae Katsumadai
Semen Arecae
Semen Selosiae
Semen Arecae Preparata
Semen Armeniacae Amarum
Semen Canavaliae
Semen Astragali Complanati
Semen Cannabis
Semen Cassiae
Semen Celosiae
Semen Citri Reticulatae
Semen Coicis
Semen Crotonis Pulveratum
Semen Cuscutae
Semen Descurainiae
Semen Euphorbiae
Semen Euryales
Semen Euphorbiae Pulveratum
Semen Ginkgo
Semen Hyoscyami
Semen Impatientis
Semen Juglandis
Semen Lablab Album
Semen Lepidi
Semen Lini
Semen Nigellae
Semen Litchi
Semen Momordicae
Semen Nelumbinis
Semen Myristicae
Semen Oroxyli
Semen Pharbitidis
Semen Phaseoli
Semen Plantaginis
Semen Platycladi
Semen Pruni
Semen Raphani
Semen Persicae
Semen Ricini
Semen Sesami Nigrum
Semen Sinapis
Semen Sojae Preparatum
Semen Sterculiae Lychnophorae
Semen Strychni
Semen Strychni Pulveratum
Semen Torreyae
Semen Trichosanthis
Semen Trigonellae
Semen Vaccariae
Semen Ziziphi Spinosae
Semen Prunellae
Semen Gleditsiae
Semen Lygodii
Squama Manitis
Stalactitum
Stamen Nelumbinis
Stigma Croci
Styrax
Sulfur
Spica Prunellae
Spora Lyvodll
Spina Gleditsiae
Syngnathus
Scientific term of Latin Index S
Saiga tatarica Linnaeus
Sanguisorba officinalis L.
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.
Sanguisorba officinalis L. var. longifolia (Bert).Yu et Li
Santalum album L.
Sarcodactylis
Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turez. ) Schischk.
Sargassum fusiforme (Harv. ) Setch.
Sargassum pallidum (Turn. ) C .Ag.
Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv. ) Rehd. et Wils.
Saururus chinensis (Lour. ) Baill.
Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill.
Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils.
Schizostachyum chinense Rendle
Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq.
Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans L. Koch
Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
Scutellaria barbata D. Don
Sedum sarmentosum Bunge
Selaginella pulvinata (Hook. et Grev)
Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv. ) Spring.
Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino
Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune
Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.
Sesamum indicum L.
Sepia esculenta Hoyle
Siegesbeckia gladrescens Makino
Siegesbeckia orientailis L.
Siegesbeckia pubescens Makino
Sinomenium acutum (Tbunb. ) Rehd. et Wils.
Sinocalamus beecheyanus (Munro) McClure var. pubescens P.F.Li
Sinapis alba L.
Sinomenium acutum (Thunb. ) Rehd. et Wils. var. cinereum Rehd. et Wils.
Smilax glabra Roxb.
Solenognathus hardwickii (Gray)
Sophora flavescens Ait.
Sophora japonica L.
Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep.
Sparganium stoloniferum Buch.-Ham.
Spatholobus suberectus Dunn
Spirodela polyrrhiza (L. ) Schleid.
Stachyurus chinensis Franch.
Stachyurus himalaicus Hook. f. et Thoms.
Statilia maculata (Thunberg)
Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolate Bge.
Steleophaga plancyi (Boleny)
Stamona japonica (BL.) Miq.
Stemona sessilifolia (Miq.) Miq.
Stephania tetrandra S.Moore
Stemona tuberosa Lour.
Sterculia lychnophora Hance
Strychnos pierriana A. W. Hill
Strychnos nux-vomica L.
Styrax tonkinensis (Pierre) Craib ex Hart
Swertia mileensis T. N. Ho et W. L. Shih
Syngnathoides biaculeatus (Bloch)
Syngnathus acus Linnaeus

English T
Tabasheer
Turtle Shell
Talc
Talc Powder
Tall Gastrodia Tuber
Tangerine Seed
Tangshen
Tatarian Aster Root
Tea-seed Oil
Tendrilleaf Fritillary Bulb
Thinleaf Milkwort Root
Thunberg Fritillary Bulb
Thunder Ball
Tinospora Root
Toad Venom
Tokay
Tokyo Violet Herb
Tortoise Shell
Tree Peony Bark
Tree-of-heaven Bark
Trumpetcreeper Flower
Tuber Fleeceflower Stem
Tuber Onion Seed
Turmeric
Turmeric Root-tuber
Turpentine Oil
Twotooth Achyranthes Root
Latin T
Talcum
Thallus Echloniae
Thallus Laminariae
Thallus LaminariaeThallus Eckloniae

Scientific term of Latin Index T
Tamarix chinensis Lour.
Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.- Mazz
Taraxacum sinicum Kitag.
Taxillus chinensis (DC. ) Danser
Tenodera sinensis Saussure
Terminalia chebula Retz.
Terminalia billerica (Gaertn. ) Roxb.
Terminalia chebula Retz. var. tomentella Kurt.
Tetrapanax papyriferus (Hook. ) K.Koch
Tinospora capillipes Gapnep.
Tinospora sagitata (Oliv. ) Gagnep.
Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes ) F. A. Barkl.
Trachycarpus fortunei H. Wendl.
Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl. )Lem.
Torreya grandis Fort.
Trichosanthes japonica Regel
Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.
Tribulus terrestris L.
Trichosanthes rosthornii Harms
Trigonella foenum -graecum L.
Tussilago farfara L.
Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Typha orientalis Presl
Typha angustifolia L.
Typhonium giganteum Engl.

English U
Uniflower Seisscentaury Root
Ussuri Fritillary Bulb
Latin U

Scientific term of Latin Index U
Uncaria macrophylla Wall.
Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq. ) Jacks.
Uncaria hirsuta Havil.
Uncaria sessilifructus Roxb.
Uncaria sinensis (Oliv. ) Havil.

English V
Vietnamese Sophora Root
Villous Amomum Fruit
Virgate Wormwood Herb
Latin V
Venenum Bufonis
Scientific term of Latin Index V
Vaccaria segetalis (Neck. ) Garcke
Vespa manific Smith
Verbena officinalis L.
Viola yedoensis Makino
Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham.
Vitex trifolia L.
Viscum coloratum (Komar. ) Nakai
Vladimiria souliei (Franch. ) Ling
Vitex negundo L. var. cannabifolia (Sieb.et Zucc. ) Hand. -Mazz.
Vladimiria souliei (Franch. ) Ling var . cinerea Ling

English W
Weeping Forsythia Capsule
Wenyujin Concise Rhizome
Whit Hyacinth Bean
White Mulberry Root -bark
White Peony Root
Wild Carrot Fruit
Wild Chrysanthemum Flower
Willowleaf Swallowwort Rhizome
Latin W

Scientific term of Latin Index W
Whitmania acranulata Whitman
Whitmania pigra Whitman

Scientific term of Latin Index X
Xanthium sibiricum Patr.

English Y
Yanhusuo
Yellow Azalea Flower
Yerbadetajo Herb

English Z
Zedoray Rhizome
Zingiber (Dried Ginger)
Zingiber (processed)
Latin Z
Zaocys
Scientific term of Latin Index Z
Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.
Zingiber officinale (Willd.) Rosc
Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc.
Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb. ) DC.
Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor)
Ziziphus jujuba Mill.
Zingiber officinale Rosc.
Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Huex H.F.Chou

Bio-Chemistry Dictionaries

漢越辭典 Hán Viet Tu Đien
http://perso.orange.fr/dang.tk/langues/hanviet.htm
Online medical dictionary-GrayLab
『在線醫藥辭典 』
Britannica
『大英百科全書 』
English to Chinese Biological Terms
『英漢生物辭典 』
Life Science Dictionary
『 生命科學辭典』
English to Chinese Bio-Chemistry Terms
『 英漢生化辭彙 』
Chinese Herb Dictionary
『現代中藥辭典』
Online English Chinese Dictionary
『 在線英漢醫學詞典』
Garden Web Botanical Terms
『 植物学詞典 』
Virology Terminology
『 病毒 學辭彙 』
Agriculture Glossary
『農學辭彙』
Glossary of Genetic Terms
『 遺傳因子學辭彙』
Genome Glossary
『 基因組學辭彙』
Cell and Molecular Biology Dictionary
『細胞與分子生物學辭典』
Cytokines Dictionary
『 細胞因子辭典 』
Biotechnology and Food Glossary
『 生物技術與食品辭彙 』
政治、词汇、汉语、词典、汉语词典
农业科普知识
http://icgr.caas.net.cn/kp/kpa.html

Health Problems

List of Health Problems

by: Joe Hing Kwok Chu

Click on the topics to display articles:
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, 急性前骨髓細胞性白血病 ,
ALT and AST Elevated,
Anti-aging,
Asthma,
Asthma-Geriatric,
Biliary Cirrhosis, Primary,
Blepharitis 眼 瞼 炎
Blood Clots (thrombosis),
Bloodshot eye,
Bone Spurs,
Brachial Plexus Palsy,
Breasts Droopy,
Calculus in Gall Bladder,
Cancer,
Cataract,
Central Progressive Retina Atrophy中心性漿液性脈絡膜視網膜病變
Chronic Diarrhea in the Morning,
Chronic Inner Ear Infection,
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia 慢性粒細胞性白血病,
Colitis-diarrhea
Coma - vegetative state, (to be loaded, if you need it in a hurry contact Research Librarian),
Cirrhosis,
Coma/vegetative State,
Common Cold,
Conjunctivitis,
Cornea infection,
Dengue Fever,
Diabetes,
Diarrhea acute bacterial infection,
Diarrhea-chronic,
Eczema with blood heat
Eczema of Children
Ejaculation difficulty
Gall bladder stones
Hair falling due Over Active Fatty Glands
Hemorrhoid,_acupuncture,
Heart and Blood Vessels,
Hepatitis B,
Herpes Simplex II (genital herpes)
Hordeolum 麥粒腫外治法
Hypertension,
Hyperthyroidism,
Hypomenorrhea,
Hypotension,
Hypothyroidism,
Impotence,
Impotence due to Sclerosis,
Incontinence
Infertility due to Low or Weak Ova (to be loaded)
Infertility due to Weak or Low Sperm Count (to be loaded)
Interstitial Cystitis
Itchiness
Lupus,
Mercury Poisoning (link to be loaded)
Migraine,
Miscarriage, habitual
Nail Fungal Infection
Nose Bleed,
Obesity,
Periodontitis or pyorrhea and Gingivitis ,
Pink eye,
Postural Hypotension
Pregnancy nausea
Premature ejaculation,
Premenstrual mood disorder,
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Prostate Cancer,
Prostate Enlargement and urination difficulty
Prostate Inflammation
Psoriasis,
Rosacea 酒 渣 鼻
SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome )
Scleredema neonatorum (SN),
Sclerosis, a folk therapy (research report)
Seizures,
Sexual Dysfunction,
Shingles herb
Smoking (tobacco ),
Snoring, elderly 老年打鼾
Sperm count and sperm activity - low
Strokes
Strokes sequela with swollen limbs
Stye (hordeolum) 麥粒腫外治法
Tension headaches
TIA,
Thrombocytosis (excess platelets ) 血 小 板 過 多
Thrombosis (blood clots)
Thyroid Overactive
torticollis 落枕
Urinary Tract Infection,
Uterus Prolapse,
Vagina Bacterial Infection
Varicocele of Spermatic Vein 精索靜脈曲張
Vertigo 眩暈
Warts, flat warts
White Cell Count is low - caused by chemotherapy
White Hair, (premature)
Yeast Infection

一、血脂入门1． 血脂是什么2． 血脂是有害的物质吗3． 血脂检查前应注意些什么4． 怎样看血脂化验单5． 什么是总胆固醇（TC）6． 什么是甘油三酯（TG）7． 什么是低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）8． 什么是高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL-C）9． 血脂的来源有哪些10．人体内的血脂出路在哪里
二、高血脂的诊断11．为什么要空腹抽血化验血脂12．检测餐后血脂有意义吗13．您知道自己的血脂状况吗14．怎样才能诊断血脂异常15．不验血也能察看出血脂异常16．同一人的血脂水平会有很大变化吗17．高脂血症有诊断标准吗18．高脂血症的诊断与年龄有关吗
三、高血脂的原因19．血脂为什么会升高20．吃海鲜过多会引起血脂升高吗21．吃鸡蛋多会升高血胆固醇吗22．为什么高血脂者不宜进食动物内脏23．饮酒对血脂有影响吗24．饮茶对血脂有影响吗25．饮咖啡对血脂影响吗26．高血脂症会遗传吗27．为什么肥胖者常有血脂升高28．为什么有的人虽然较瘦但血脂也升高29．有哪些疾病会引起血脂升高30．某些药物会引起血脂升高吗
四、高血脂的危害31．为什么高血脂被视为"隐形杀手"32．为什么冠心病患者都要查血脂33．为什么称LDL-C为坏胆固醇，HDL-C为好胆固醇34．血脂高会引起血压高吗35．血脂高会引起糖尿病吗36．血脂升高会引起中风吗 37．血甘油三酯升高为什么会引起急性胰腺炎38．脂肪肝与高血脂有关吗39．走路跛也与血脂升高有关吗40．血脂高会引起血粘稠度增高吗
五、高血脂的生活方式治疗41．高血脂患者的饮食应注意些什么42. 甘油三酯高者为什么要限制脂肪的摄入43．甘油三酯高者为什么要限制饭量44．严重高甘油三酯患者为什么不能饮酒45．为什么要劝高血脂症患者戒烟46．体力活动能降低血脂吗47．哪些食物能降低血脂48．深海鱼油能降血脂吗
六、高血脂的药物治疗 49．服用降脂药物能带来哪些好处50．降脂药物能使冠心病的血管病变消退吗51．什么叫"他汀类"降脂药52．现有的他汀类降脂药有哪些53．他汀类药物降血脂有哪些特点54．为什么称他汀类是神奇的药物55．急性心肌梗死时也要用他汀类药物吗56．已行血管扩张术或装了支架的冠心病人仍需服用他汀类药吗57．冠心病人血脂不高，为什么医生也要开降脂药58．他汀类药物有哪些主要的副作用59．服用他汀类药应注意些什么60．什么叫"贝特类"降脂药61．现有的贝特类药物有哪些62．贝特类药物的主要副作用有哪些63．服用贝特类药物时应注意些什么 64．为什么烟酸降脂需要大剂量65．大剂量烟酸的副作用有哪些66．有什么办法减少烟酸的副作用67．为什么胆酸隔置剂能降低胆固醇68．丙丁酚是降脂药物吗69．服用中草药降脂应注意些什么70．降脂药物疗效评判标准是什么71．胆固醇升高最好选用哪种降脂药物72．甘油三酯升高最好选用哪种降脂药物73．胆固醇和甘油三酯都高如何选用降脂药物74．为什么不同的人降脂的目标值不同75．服用降脂药物的疗程是多久76．停用降脂药后血脂会反弹吗77．长期服用降血脂药物合算吗78．长期用降脂药物会使血脂降得很低吗79．长期服用降脂药物安全吗80．如何合理地服用降脂药物81．服用降脂药物时应注意些什么82．患脂肪肝需要服用降脂药吗83．肝功能不好是否也可以用降脂药
七、其他降脂措施84．治疗高血脂症需用"洗血"疗法吗85．"洗血"降脂真是那么神奇有效86．有无"一劳永逸"的降血脂方法87．高血脂可采用基因治疗吗88．外科手术也能治疗高血脂吗
八、小儿血脂89．小儿是否也要注意检查血脂90．小儿肥胖与血脂升高有关吗91．小儿血脂异常如何治疗92．小儿血脂异常治疗应特别注意些什么
九、老年人血脂93．老年人血脂异常有什么特点94．老年人血脂高还需要治疗吗95．老年人服降脂药物时应注意些什么
十、糖尿病的血脂96．糖尿病患者为什么血脂异常很多见97．糖尿病患者的血糖控制后血脂是否就会正常98．糖尿病患者为什么要更积极地降脂治疗99．糖尿病患者怎样合理选用降脂药物100．糖尿病患者的降脂治疗也需达到目标吗
附录1. 常用降脂药物表附录2. 富含脂肪食物表附录3. 常用食物中胆固醇含量表

(1)单方。近年来临床上用于降血脂的单味中草药有：
　　泽泻：国内和日本对高血脂症的临床和实验研究，均提出本药有良好的降血脂作用。据上海、杭州等地治疗高胆固醇血症135例，高甘油三酯血症127例，其有效率分别为88%、72%，实验研究表明，泽泻可明显抑制兔主动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成及其血胆固醇的含量，可抑制小鼠肠对胆固醇吸收及体内胆固醇合成，有助于胆固醇的运转和排泄。具有干扰胆固醇的吸收、分解和排泄作用。
　　山楂：国外应用山楂属植物制成各种制剂，用于治疗高脂血症及冠心病已多年。国内证明山楂的醇制剂、浸膏总皂甙，对实验家兔之动脉粥样硬化有降压降脂作用，可减轻脂类的沉积。
　　灵芝：实验研究表明灵芝有较好的降血脂作用，并能减轻实验性家兔动脉粥样硬化斑块的程度及延缓其形成。国内福建、北京、江西、南京均报导灵芝片剂及灵芝糖浆有降低血胆固醇及甘油三酯的作用。
　　首乌：上海、新疆等地以首乌治疗高胆固醇血症208例，有效率为86.7%、61.8%，本品主要抑制肠道吸收胆固醇，并促进血浆中胆固醇的运输和清除。此外，首乌还能促进纤维蛋白原的裂解，延缓动脉粥样硬化发生。
　　决明子：据报道有用决明子煎剂、糖浆片剂治疗高胆固醇血症100例，总有效率为98%，实验证明决明子具有抑制血胆固醇升高和动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的作用。其降脂作用可能与决明子所含芦荟大黄素、大黄素等有促进肠管运动、抑制胆固醇吸收有关。
　　茵陈：天津等地以茵陈代茶饮或片剂治疗高胆固醇血症共104例，发现本品有明显的降低血胆固醇作用。茵陈中所含的香豆素类有降脂活性，可降低动物血清胆固醇，使主动脉硬化减轻。
　　虎杖：虎杖所含大黄素成分，可减少外源性胆固醇过多进入体内。动物实验表明虎杖有明显的降脂作用。临床报道有用虎杖治疗高血脂症124例，其降胆固醇有效率为47.1%～100%，其降甘油三酯有效率为27.2%～83.3%。
　　蒲黄：动物实验证明蒲黄可明显减少胆固醇在肠道的吸收，促进其在粪便中排出，并有防止动脉粥样硬化及降低血清固醇的作用。
　　大蒜：大蒜的有效成分大蒜精油能阻止动脉脂质增生及胆固醇诱发的β脂蛋白增加和α-脂蛋白下降，还能明显降低主动脉胆固醇含量和主动脉粥样硬化。
　　绿豆和豆类膳食：国外已有豆类降低血胆固醇的报导，以绿豆作用最大。临床及动物实验都表明绿豆有明显的降血脂作用。豆类膳食所以能够降血脂，可能因其所含植物胆固醇的竞争性抑制外源性胆固醇的吸收，增加其排泄有关。
　　姜黄：姜黄能促进胆汁分泌，其提取物可明显降低实验性高血脂动物的血胆固醇含量。姜黄醇提取物、挥发油和姜黄素都有降低血胆固醇、甘油三酯和β脂蛋白的作用，以降甘油三酯最显著，并能使主动脉中的胆固醇、甘油三酯含量降低。
　　(2)复方。用于降血脂的复方有：(A)山楂、槐角、草决明。(B)葛根、桑寄生、决明子、山楂。(C)黄精、玄参、泽泻、夜交藤、山楂。(D)首乌、泽泻、决明子、虎杖、山楂。(E)茶树根、虎杖、丹参、玉竹、何首乌、鸡内金、山楂。(F)首乌、决明子、金樱子、茵陈、泽泻、山楂、内金。(G)首乌、葛根、山楂。(H)葛根、红花、桃仁、郁金、丹参。(I)灵芝、山楂、决明子、赤芍。(J)山楂、葛根、丹参、三七、木香。(K)金槐冠心片、复方平脂宁等等。
　　中药泽泻、首乌、黄精、枸杞及复方平脂宁等都有抗脂肪肝的作用；骨碎补、首乌、泽泻、决明子、山楂、灵芝、蒲黄、穿龙薯蓣、野蔷薇、大蒜精油等均有抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。糖尿病患者由于胰岛素相对或绝对不足而致糖、脂代谢紊乱，多伴有高脂血症，在治疗糖尿病同时可选用上述中草药或复方煎服对降低血脂，防止动脉粥样硬化具有一定作用。

下面介绍几种具有降血脂作用的食物：
　　玉米：含有丰富的钙、镁、硒等物质以及卵磷脂、亚油酸、维生素E，它们均有降低血清胆固醇的作用。
　　燕麦：含有极丰富的亚油酸，占全部不饱和脂肪酸的35%-52%；维生素E含量也很丰富，而且燕麦中含有皂甙素。它们均有降低血浆胆固醇浓度的作用。
　　牛奶：含有羟基、甲基戊二酸，能抑制人体内胆固醇合成酶的活性，从而抑制胆固醇的合成，降低血中胆固醇的含量。此外，牛奶中含有较多的钙，也可降低人体对胆固醇的吸收。
　　洋葱：其降血脂效能与其所含的烯丙基二硫化物及少量硫氨基酸有关。这些物质属于配糖体，除降血脂外还可预防动脉粥样硬化，对动脉血管有保护作用。还含前列腺素A，有舒张血管，降低血压的功能。
　　大蒜：大蒜的降脂效能与大蒜内所含物质--蒜素有关。大蒜的这一有效成份有抗菌、抗肿瘤特性，能预防动脉粥样硬化、降低血糖和血脂等。
　　杏仁：杏仁不含胆固醇，仅含7%的饱和脂脂酸。高血脂病人病天吃30g杏仁，可替代含高饱和脂肪酸的食品。
　　菊花：有降低血脂功效和较平稳的降血压作用。老年人在绿茶中掺杂一点菊花，对心血管有很好保健作用。
　　鸡蛋：过去认为鸡蛋含胆固醇量高，多吃易致冠心病。现已证实鸡蛋含有卵磷脂，能使人体血中胆固醇和脂肪保持悬浮状态而不在血管壁沉积，从而有效降低血脂水平。建议每天吃一个鸡蛋为宜。
　　大豆：含有丰富的不饱和脂防酸，维生素E和磷脂。高胆固醇患者每天食用大豆蛋白质60～100g,约有90%的人会痊愈或好转。
　　凉拌芹菜：取芹菜梗200g，海带100g，黑木耳50g，先将黑木耳和海带用水洗净切丝、用沸水焯熟，嫩芹菜梗切3cm长，沸水稍煮捞起。上述原料冷却后加调料拌和，主治高血脂症、高血压病。
黄瓜
　　具有清热、解渴、利尿作用。他所含的纤维素能促进肠道排出食物废渣，从而减少胆固醇的吸收。
　　茄子
　　医学研究表明，茄子能降低胆固醇，还能防止高血脂症引起的血管损害，可辅助治疗高血压病、高血脂症、动脉硬化等病症。
　　绿豆
　　夏季清暑佳品，具有降低血脂、保护心脏、防治冠心病的作用。动物实验证明，绿豆能有效降低血清胆固醇、甘油三脂、低密度脂蛋白，明显减轻冠状动脉粥样硬化病变。
　　番薯
　　营养学研究发现，适量食用番薯能预防心血管系统的脂质沉积，预防动脉粥样硬化，是皮下脂肪减少，避免出现过度肥胖。要注意过多摄入番薯可使进食的总热量增加，反而不利降低血脂。
　　山楂
　　具有扩张血管、改善微循环、降低血压、促进胆固醇排泄而降低血脂的作用。
　　苹果
　　国外有项研究表明，一天吃一个苹果，可使冠心病死亡的危险性下降一半，这归功于苹果中所含的类黄酮。类黄酮是种天然的抗氧化剂，通过抑制低密度脂蛋白氧化而发挥抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。

Cay Co

ab
anh đào Prunus pseudocerasus
anh đào, cherry Prunus avium
anh hoa Prunus serrulata
anh túc Papaver somniferum var. album
ấu Trapa bispinosa
bạc hà Mentha piperita
bạch dương Populus alba
bạch đinh hương Syringa oblata var. affinis
bạch ngọc lan Michelia alba
bàng Terminalia catappa
bao đồng Paulownia fortunei
bầu Lagenaria siceraria
bèo Salvinia sp.
bèo hoa Azolla pinnata
bí Benincasa hispida
bòn bon Lansium domesticum
bòng Citrus maxima
bồ hòn Sapindus mukorossii
bồ liễu Salix gracilistyla
bông bụp Hibiscus mutabilis
bông giấy Bougainvillea brasiliensis
bụp giấm Hibiscus sabdariffa
bụp vang Abelmoschus moschatus, Hibiscus abelmoschus
bưởi Citrus maxima
c
cam Citrus sinensis
cam sành Citrus nobilis
cam thảo Glycyrrhiza inflata
cau Areca catechu
cà bát Solanum melongena
cà chua Solanum lycopersicum
cà pháo Solanum undatum
cà tím Solanum melongena var. esculentum
cẩm chướng Dianthus caryophyllus
cần sa Cannabis sativa
cậy Diospyros lotus
chanh Citrus aurantifolia
chà là Phoenix paludosa
chà là (tây) Phoenix dactylifera
cherry, anh đào Prunus avium
chôm chôm Nephelium lappaceum var. lappaceum
chuối Musa paradisiaca
chùm gởi Helixanthera parasitica
cỏ may Chrysopogon aciculatus
cỏ tranh Imperata cylindrica
cọ Livistona saribus
cơm nguội Ardisia spp.
cúc Chrysanthemum sp., Dendranthema sp.
cúc Chrysanthemum indicum
cúc tàu Chrysanthemum morifolium, Dendranthema morifolium
d
dạ hợp Magnolia coco
dâm bụt Hibiscus syriacus
dâu (tằm) Morus alba
dâu gai Cudrania tricuspidata
dây sắn tía Wisteria sinensis
dền (rau) Amaranthus spp.
dền cơm Amaranthus lividus
dền đuôi chồn Amaranthus caudatus
dền gai Amaranthus spinosus
dừa Cocos nucifera
dương (sơn) Populus sp. đef
đa Ficus bengalensis, Ficus spp.
đa đa Harrisonia perforata
đại Plumeria obtusifolia
đào Prunus persica
đào khỉ Actinidia coriacea
đào lộn hột (cashew) Anacardium occidentale
đào tiên Crescentia cujete
điên điển Sesbania sesban
điệp Caesalpinia pulcherrima
đinh hương Syzygium aromaticum
đồ mi Rubus rosifolius var.coronarius, Rubus rosæfolius
đỗ quyên Rhododendron simsii
đu đủ Carica papaya
đường lê Pyrus betulaefolia
g
gai Boehmeria nivea
gai dầu Cannabis sativa
gấc Momordica cochinchinensis
giang (tre) Dendrocalamus patellaris
giổi Michelia sp.
gồi Livistona saribus
gội (nếp) Aglaia gigantea
gừa Ficus calosa
gừng Zingiber officinalishi
hàm tiếu Michelia figo
hành (lá) Allium fistulosum
hải đường Malus spectabilis
hạnh (mơ) Prunus armeniaca
hạnh (tắc) Citrus microcarpa
hạnh nhân (almond) Prunus dulcis
hẹ Allium odorum
hiên vàng Hemerocallis citrina
hoa (cây) Betula alnoides
hoàng ngọc lan Michelia champaca
hoắc hương Agastache rugosa
hòe Sophora japonica, Styphnolobium japonicum
hồ điệp Viburnum macrocephalum
hồi hương Foeniculum vulgare
hông Paulownia fortunei
hồng (cây) Diospyros kaki
hồng (hường) Rosa sp.
hồng anh Papaver rhoeas
huệ Polianthes tuberosa
huệ (lan) Cymbidium sp.
huệ (tây) Lilium brownii
huyên thảo Hemerocallis fulva
húng tây Thymus vulgaris
hương thảo Rosmarinus officinalis
hường (hồng) Rosa sp.
hường mai khôi (mân côi) Rosa rugosa
hường mân côi Rosa banksiae
hường tứ quý Rosa chinensis
hướng dương Helianthus annuus
jk
kè Livistona saribus
kèn (hoa) Lilium brownii
keo Robinia pseudocacia
khế Averrhoa carambola
khế ngọt Averrhoa bilimbi
khoai lang Ipomoea batatas
khoai lang tây Solanum tuberosum
khổ qua (mướp đắng) Momordica charantia
kim châm Hemerocallis citrina
kim phượng Caesalpinia pulcherrima
kiwi Actinidia chinensis
l
lá lốt Piper sarmentosa
lài (nhài) Jasminum sambac
lài hương xuânhdc Jasminum floridum
lài nghênh xuân Jasminum nudiflorum
lài phiêu hươnghdc Jasminum officinale
lan huệ Cymbidium sp.
lạp mai Chimonanthus praecox
lau Saccharum arundinaceum, Erianthus arundinaceus
lau cù Phragmites maximus
lê Pyrus serotina
lệ đường Kerria japonica
liễu (bồ liễu) Salix gracilistyla
liễu (tơ liễu) Salix babylonica
loa kèn Lilium longiflorum
long nhãn Dimocarpus longan
lục bình Eichhornia crassipe
lương khương (gừng) Alpinia officinarum
lựu Punica granatum
lý Syzygium jambos
m
mai (mơ) Prunus mume
mai (tre) Dendrocalamus giganteus
mai (vàng) Ochna integerrima
mai chiếu thủy Wrightia religiosa
mai đàohdc Hamamelis mollis
mai khôi (mân côi) Rosa rugosa
mai tơ hdc Hamamelis virginiana
mai tứ quý Ochna serrulata
mãng cầu Annona squamosa
mây Calamus spp.
mẫu đơn Paeonia suffruticosa
mận (roi) Syzygium samarangense
mận tàu Prunus salicina
me Tamarindus indica
me Tamarindus indica (2)
mía Saccharum officinarum
mít Artocarpus heterophyllus
mỏ quạ Cudrania tricuspidata
mộc Osmanthus fragrans
mộc cận Hibiscus syriacus
mộc lan Magnolia liliflora
mộc qua Chaenomeles sinensis, Pseudocydonia sinensis
mồng gà Celosia argentea
mơ (hạnh) Prunus armeniaca
mơ (mai) Prunus mume
mù u Calophyllum inophyllum
mùng tơi Basella rubra
muống (rau) Ipomoea aquatica
mướp Luffa cylindrica
mướp đắng (khổ qua) Momordica charantia
n
nha phiến Papaver somniferum var. album
ngải Curcuma aromatica
ngải cau Curculigo orchioides
ngải cứu Artemisia vulgaris
ngải mọi Globba calophylla
ngải tiên Hedychium coccineum, H. flavescens
ngải trắng Artemisia lactiflora
ngân hạnh Ginkgo biloba
ngâu Aglaia odorata
nghệ(vàng) Curcuma longa
nghệ đen Curcuma zedoaria
nghệ tây Colchicum autumnale
nghệ trắng Curcuma aromatica
ngò tây Petroselinum crispum
ngọc lan Magnolia denudata
ngọc trâm Hosta plantaginea
ngô đồng Firmiana simplex
nhài (lài) Jasminum sambac
nhài hương xuânhdc Jasminum floridum
nhài nghênh xuân Jasminum nudiflorum
nhài phiêu hươnghdc Jasminum officinale
nhãn lồng Passiflora foetida
nho Vitis vinifera
nứa Neohouzeaua dullooa
opq
oải hương Lavandula officinalis
ô môi Cassia grandis
ổi Psidium guajava
ổi sẻ Psidium littorale
ổi tàu Lantana camara
phật thủ Citrus medica var. sarcodactylus
phong Acer sp.
phù dung Hibiscus mutabilis
phượng Delonix regia
phượng ta Caesalpinia pulcherrima
phượng tím Jacaranda acutifolia
quất Citrus microcarpa
quế Osmanthus fragrans
quỳnh Epiphyllum oxypetalum
quýt đường Citrus nobilis
rs
răm Polygonum odoratum
riềng Alpinia galanga
roi (mận) Syzygium samarangense
root-beer Piper auritum
sam (rau) Portulaca oleracea
sâm cau Curculigo orchioides
sầu đâu/đông (xoan) Melia azedarach
sấu Dracontomelon duperreanum
sấu đỏ Sandoricum koetjape
sậy Phragmites maximus
sen (hoa) Nelumbo nucifera
sen vàng Nelumbo lutea
si Ficus stricta
sim Rhodomyrtus tomentosa
so đũa Sesbania grandiflora
sơn trà Camellia japonica
sung Ficus racemosa, Fiscus spp.
súng Nymphaea tetragona
sứ Plumeria obtusifolia
sứ đèo Michelia constricta
sứ vàng Michelia champaca
sữa Alstonia scholaris
t
táo tây Malus pumila
tầm gửi Helixanthera parasitica
tầm vông Thyrsostachys siamensis
tầm xuân Rosa multiflora
tật lê Tribulus terrestris
tắc Citrus microcarpa
thạch thảo Calluna vulgaris, Erica carnea, E. tetralix
thì là (tiểu hồi) Anethum graveolens
thì là (hồi hương) Foeniculum vulgare
thị Diospyros decandra
thích Acer spp.
thiên lý Telosma cordata
thùa Agave americana
thuỷ tiên Narcissus tazetta var. orientalis
thụy hương Daphne odora
thược dược Paeonia lactiflora
thược dược (ta) Dahlia pinnata
tiêu Piper nigrum
tiểu hồi hương Anethum graveolens
tỏi Allium sativum
tơ đồng Firmiana simplex
tơ hồng Cuscuta chinensis, Cuscuta japonica
tơ liễu Salix babylonica
trà mi Rubus rosifolius, R. rosæfoliusrubus
trang Ixora sp.
trâm Syzygium sp.
trâm bầu Combretum quadrangulare
trầm (hương) Aquilaria crassna
trầm Aquilaria agallocha
trầu không Piper betle
tre là ngà Bambusa blumeana
tre lồ ồ Bambusa balcooa
tre lộc ngộc Bambusa arundinacea
trúc Bambusa multiplex
trúc đào Nerium oleander
tử đằng Wisteria sinensis
tử đinh hương Syringa oblata
tử kinh Cercis chinensis
tường vi Rosa sp.
uvwxyz
uất kim hương (tu líp) Tulipa gesneriana
vả Ficus carica
vải Litchi chinensis
vi lô (sậy, lau) Phragmites communis
vối Cleistocalyx circumscissa, Schima argentea, S. khasiana
vông vang Abelmoschus moschatus, Hibiscus abelmoschus
vông đồng Hura crepitans
xoài Mangifera indica
xoan, sầu đâu/đông Melia azedarach
xoan tây Delonix regia
xôn Salvia officinalis